Subgenus Asaropoda

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Apidae

Name

Cockerell, 1926 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Asaropoda Cockerell, 1926: 216.

Type

Saropoda bombiformis Smith, 1854 (original designation).

Diagnosis

The diagnosis for this subgenus as given by Brooks (1988) was largely based on the type species of the subgenus, A. bombiformis, but is revised to include species that he did not examine at the time, as well as the new species discovered here. The inclusion of these species extends the morphological variety in this subgenus.
In the following text, the main subgeneric diagnostic characters are in bold: body length 12–24 mm; forewing length 8–18 mm; hairs absent in third submarginal cell and second medial cell; hairs absent in first medial cell with the exception of A. albiclypeata and A. youngi which have a few short hairs, and A. nitidiventris which has more than ten hairs; hairs absent in the second submarginal cell with the exception of A. albiceps, A. aurantia, A. frogatti, and A. rhodoscymna which have less than ten hairs, and A. crenata, A. preissi, and A. albiclypeata which have 10–20 hairs; the pubescence of the majority of the species is orange, brown or grey, occasionally with black hairs anteriorly on T2 or following segments; however, there are two species groups with an aberrant pattern colouration of pubescence: the houstoni-group (A. houstoni, A. epaphrodita, A. xylocopoides), which has an orange to yellow mesosomal pubescence, and predominantly black metasomal pubescence, and the youngi-group (A. nitidiventris and A. youngi), which has brown mesosomal and black metasomal pubescence, with white to orange hairbands on the posterior margins. Colour dimorphism between the sexes is weak, apart from in A. dawsoni, where females have white to grey, and males brown mesosomal pubescence; maxiliary palpus with five segments; apical margins of male metasomal sterna modified, with emarginations that vary in size and depth and are diagnostic at the species level; S4 (and occasionally S3) bent medially; the shape and size of the thick brush of stiff setae on S4 of males is diagnostic at the species level; posterior margins of S5 and S6 emarginate medially of which its width, depth, size and shape is diagnostic at the species level; S6 medially with one or two patches of hair; S7 usually with slender neck, with the exception of A. scoparia and A. frogatti where the neck is robust; S7 apical margin of head among species variable in shape; S8 apically narrowed and usually emarginate; apex of gonocoxite of male bearing one or two gonostyli of which number, size and shape are diagnostic at the species level; gonostyli with setae of variable length and densities; penis valves laterally rounded, drawn into rounded lobes, or with angular lobes; S6 of females medially with raised area which varies from inconspicuous roughened, broadly parabolic with well-defined rim, slender spine, to almost a pygidium like structure.
We now recognise 21 species in Amegilla (Asaropoda).

Identification key to the Australian subgenera of Amegilla

Identification key to the Australian subgenera of Amegilla — R. Leijs , J. Dorey , K. Hogendoorn

1		Forewing: hairs absent in 3rd submarginal cell and 2nd medial cell, usually also in 2nd submarginal cell and 1st medial cell; S4 in males with a rounded, triangular or elongated brush of dense usually forward-directed bristles, S6 of females medially with raised area which varies among species from inconspicuously roughened, broadly parabolic with well-defined rim and slender spine, to almost a pygidium like structure    subgenus Asaropoda
–		Forewing: hairs present in in 3rd submarginal cell, 2nd medial cell and most other cells; S4 in males and S6 in females not modified as described above    2
2		Female: Integument of paraclypeal areas black; fore and mid femora and tibiae with iridescent blue-green hairs, male: S6 gently convex; apex S7 broadly triangular    subgenus Notomegilla
–		Female: Integument of paraclypeal areas partly yellow, white or ivory; hair on fore and mid legs never iridescent, male: S6 with broad depressions either side of midline; apex S7 ovate    subgenus Zonamegilla

Identification key to the 21 species of Amegilla (Asaropoda)

Identification key to the 21 species of Amegilla (Asaropoda) — R. Leijs , J. Dorey , K. Hogendoorn

1		Female: Body size large (> 19 mm), pubescence on head and mesosoma white, metasomal integument predominantly dark red (Fig. 10J, K). Male: S4 apicomedially with two small adjacent patches of anteriorly directed, black bristles (Fig. 10C), S5 with parabolically shaped emargination (Fig. 10C)     A. dawsoni
–		Not with above combination of characters (20 spp.)    2
2		Metasomal pubescence predominantly black, some species with light coloured posterior bands of white pubescence on terminal terga (5 spp.)    3
–		Metasomal pubescence predominantly orange, brown or grey, with or without an anterior band of black pubescence on T2 (15 spp.)    7
3		Light coloured posterior bands present on all terga (Figs 15, 17, 22) (3 spp.)    4
–		Light coloured posterior bands lacking, or only on last 1-3 terminal terga (Figs 21, 11) (2 spp.)    6
4		Female: T1 with thin, faint white posterior band, T2-4 with well-developed white posterior hair bands (Fig. 15). Male unknown     A. houstoni
–		All terga with well-developed posterior hair bands. Hair bands on T1-2 orange (2 spp.)    5
5		Female: clypeus ivory with two large black marks, which are sometimes combined at the top, scape black. Male: S4 with two adjacent small patches of downward-directed bristles on apicomedial margin and two large comma-shaped patches of bristles on S5 (Fig. 17C)    A. nitidiventris sp. nov.
–		Female: clypeus with two small brown marks, scape with pale yellow mark (Fig. 22C). Male unknown    A. youngi sp. nov.
6		Metasomal pubescence entirely black (Fig. 21B, K)    A. xylocopoides sp. nov.
–		T4-5 (female), T5-6 (male) with predominantly white hairs (Fig. 11B, K)     A. epaphrodita
7		Male    8
–		Female    21
8		Both S3 and S4 medially with round patch of bristles, the patch on S3 smaller than on S4 (Figs 5C, 9C, 19C) (3 spp.)    9
–		Only S4 with median patch of bristles of varying size and shape (Figs 7C, 8C, 20C) (12 spp.)    11
9		S2-4 without apicomedial emarginations; S5 apicomedial area deeply emarginated, emargination deeper than wide and almost parallel to body axis (Figs 9C, 19C) (2 spp.)    10
–		S2-4 with distinct apicomedial emarginations (Fig. 5C); apicomedial emargination on S5 wider than deep, not parallel to body axis    A. aurantia sp. nov.
10		Apicomedial emargination on S5 parallel-sided, slightly deeper than wide (Fig. 19C)     A. rhodoscymna
–		Apicomedial emargination on S5 more than twice as deep as wide (Fig. 9C)    A. crenata sp. nov.
11		S4 shape of patch of bristles round (Figs 8C, 13C, 16C) (3 spp.)    12
–		S4 shape of patch of bristles triangular or bell-shaped (Figs 2C, 4C, 7C, 14C) (4 spp.)    14
–		S4 shape of patch of bristles elongated (Figs 3C, 18C, 20C) (5 spp.)    17
12		S4 patch of bristles relatively large, circa 1/7 of width of sternum (Figs 13C, 16C), pubescence around apicomedial area of S5 strongly branched (2 spp.)    13
–		S4 patch of bristles small, less than 1/10 of width of sternum (Fig. 8C), pubescence around apicomedial area of S5 almost simple, only occasionally with side branches     A. calva
13		Face marks pale yellow, scape brown (Fig. 16D), inner gonostylus very small (Fig. 16G, H)    A. incognita sp. nov.
–		Face marks ivory, underside of scape with ivory mark (Fig. 13D), inner gonostylus well developed, almost as long as outer gonostylus, club-shaped (Fig. 13G, H) .     A. frogatti
14		S4 patch of bristles small, circa 1/5 of width of sternum (Fig. 7C), S5 apicomedial area with large triangular emargination (Fig. 7C), the area with sparse to openly placed branched hairs, lateral corners of S5 rounded     A. bombiformis
–		S4 patch of bristles larger, S5 apicomedial emargination shallow (Figs 2C, 4C, 14C), densely covered in branched hairs, lateral corners of S5 with pointed lobe (3 spp.)    15
15		S4 patch of bristles large, circa 1/3 of width of sternum, bristles brown (Fig. 4C)     A. albigenella
–		S4 patch of bristles less than 1/3 of width of sternum, bristles black (2 spp.)    16
16		S4 patch of bristles triangular (Fig. 2C), legs on outer surface with orange pubescence.     A. albiceps
–		S4 patch of bristles bell-shaped (Fig. 14C), legs on outer surface with white pubescence    A. griseocincta sp. nov.
17		S4 patch of black bristles broad and circa 1/2-2/3 of sternum width (Fig. 20C), S6 apicomedial area with conspicuous fimbria of black and orange fringed hairs, T2 anteriorly with area of black hairs as wide as marginal zone    A. scoparia sp. nov.
–		S4 patch of pale bristles narrow, circa 1/3 of width of sternum, S6 apicomedial area without conspicuous fimbria of black and orange-fringed hairs, T2 anteriorly with area of black hairs much narrower than marginal zone, or without black hairs (4 spp.)    18
18		Face marks ivory/white, elongated patch of bristles on S4 black (Fig. 3C)    A. albiclypeata sp. nov.
–		Face marks pale to bright yellow, patch of bristles on S4 dark or light brown (3 spp.)    19
19		T2 anteriorly without dark hairs, S5 apicomedial emargination circa 6 × as wide as deep, (Fig. 6C)    A. batleyi sp. nov.
–		T2 anteriorly with entire narrow band of dark hairs, S5 apicomedial emargination less than 4 × as wide as deep    20
20		S6 marginal zone smooth without punctures or hairs, some short hairs medially (Fig. 18C)     A. preissi
–		S6 marginal area, smooth with open punctures and hairs, medially with patch of stiff dark hairs (Fig. 12C)     A. flava
21		Hind leg: tibial scopa on outer surface with white or grey-white hairs (5 spp.)    22
–		Hind leg: tibial scopa on outer surface with pale yellow, ochre or orange hairs (8 spp.)    26
22		Paraclypeal area with pale yellow mark (3 spp.)    23
–		Paraclypeal area black (3 spp.)    25
23		Paraclypeal marks small (Fig. 6M), anterior part of T2 without black hairs    A. batleyi sp. nov.
–		Paraclypeal marks large (Figs 13M, 14M), anterior part of T2 with distinct band of black contiguous hairs    24
24		Scutum and T1 pubescence light brown, T2 and T3 anteriorly with black hairs    A. griseocincta sp. nov.
–		Scutum and T1 pubescence appears grey, hairs light ochre intermixed with longer black hairs, only T2 with black hairs anteriorly     A. frogatti
25		Supraclypeal area black, clypeus with yellow inverted T shaped mark (Fig. 18M), anterior part of T2 with narrow band of black hair, terga with greyish pubescence, S6 with smooth and clearly defined parabolic expression (Fig. 18L)     A. preissi
–		Supraclypeal area with yellow or pale yellow mark, clypeus with two vertical brown marks (Fig. 8M), T2 without black hairs anteriorly, surface of S6 roughend, expression on S6 not clearly defined (Fig. 8L)     A. calva
26		Paraclypeal area with light coloured mark (3 spp.)    27
–		Paraclypeal area without light coloured mark (6 spp.)    29
27		T2 anteriorly with narrow band of black hairs across whole width, sterna with dark hairs     A. albiceps
–		Dark hairs on T2 restricted to antero-lateral corners or lacking, sterna on disk with orange hairs (2 spp.)    28
28		Integument of T3 and following segments anteriorly dark brown, clypeus with two well defined vertical dark orange marks (Fig. 4M), S6 with small angular raised median ridge (Fig. 4L).     A. albigenella
–		Integument of T3 and following segments anteriorly orange, marks on clypeus undefined and small (Fig. 5M), S6 with narrow raised area and short transverse posterior ridge (Fig. 5L)    A. aurantia sp. nov.
29		T2 anteriorly with black hairs (2 spp.)    30
–		Pubescence on T2 uniformly coloured (4 spp.)    31
30		Scape orange, T2 anterior with wide area of black hairs, clypeus marks undefined (Fig. 7M), the orange pubescence on terga has an iridescent shine     A. bombiformis
–		Scape black, apically brown, T2 anteriorly with narrow area of erect black hairs, clypeus with brown horseshoe-like mark (Fig. 20M), sometimes just with two dark patches, pubescence on terga not with iridescent shine    A. scoparia sp. nov.
31		Clypeus colouration yellow, orange pubescence on terga with iridescent shine, S6 projection broadly parabolic, well defined (Figs 9L, 19L) (2 spp.).    32
–		Clypeus colouration pale yellow or ivory, pubescence on terga without iridescent shine, S6 projection rounded, not well defined (Figs 3L, 12L) (2 spp.)    33
32		Clypeus marked with inverted yellow T (Fig. 19M), scape and antennae brown     A. rhodoscymna
–		Clypeus yellow, with two faint brown patches (Fig. 9M), scape orange-brown, flagellum brown below, black above    A. crenata n.sp.
33		Clypeus with pale yellow inverted T-shape, supraclypeal area black (Fig. 12M). Hind leg: tibial scopa on outer surface with pale yellow or ochre coloured hairs (Fig. 12K). [Note: this couplet may also lead to A. (A) scymna, but shape of pale yellow clypeus colouration similar to Fig. 3M]     A. flava
–		Clypeus colouration ivory, supraclypeal area black with narrow ivory line at base (Fig. 3M). Hind leg: tibial scopa on outer surface with orange coloured hairs (Fig. 3K)    A. albiclypeata sp. nov.

Taxon Treatment

• Leijs, R; Dorey, J; Hogendoorn, K; 2020: The genus Amegilla (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Anthophorini) in Australia: a revision of the subgenus Asaropoda ZooKeys, 908: 45-122. doi

Images

Figure 2. Amegilla (Asaropoda) albiceps (Rayment, 1951).  Figure 3. Amegilla (Asaropoda) albiclypeata Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 4. Amegilla (Asaropoda) albigenella Michener, 1965.  Figure 5. Amegilla (Asaropoda) aurantia Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 6. Amegilla (Asaropoda) batleyi Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 7. Amegilla (Asaropoda) bombiformis (Smith, 1854).  Figure 8. Amegilla (Asaropoda) calva (Rayment, 1935).  Figure 9. Amegilla (Asaropoda) crenata Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 10. Amegilla (Asaropoda) dawsoni (Rayment, 1951).  Figure 11. Amegilla (Asaropoda) epaphrodita Brooks, 1988.  Figure 12. Amegilla (Asaropoda) flava (Friese, 1911).  Figure 13. Amegilla (Asaropoda) frogatti (Cockerell, 1914).  Figure 14. Amegilla (Asaropoda) griseocincta Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 15. A-E. Amegilla (Asaropoda) houstoni Brooks, 1988.  Figure 16. Amegilla (Asaropoda) incognita Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 17. Amegilla (Asaropoda) nitidiventris Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 18. Amegilla (Asaropoda) preissi (Cockerell, 1910).  Figure 19. Amegilla (Asaropoda) rhodoscymna (Cockerell, 1905).  Figure 20. Amegilla (Asaropoda) scoparia Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 21. Amegilla (Asaropoda) xylocopoides Leijs, sp. nov.  Figure 22. Amegilla (Asaropoda) youngi Leijs, sp. nov.