Bidens bipontina
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Ordo: Asterales
Familia: Asteraceae
Genus: Bidens
Name
Bidens bipontina Sherff, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 85: 10. 1928. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Bidens serrulata Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 361. 1856, non (Poir.) Desf. 1815.
- Coreopsis serrulata (Sch. Bip.) Drake, Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac.: 210. 1890, non Poiret 1811.
- Campylotheca serrulata (Sch. Bip.) F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 356. 1935.
Type
Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva, D.E.S.A. Jardin 132 (holotype: P).
Description
Erect, suffrutescent perennial herbs 1–1.3 m tall. Leaves membranous, simple or compound and trifoliolate, 4.3–15 cm long including petiole, blades elliptic-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3–10.5 × 1–3 cm, glabrous, margins serrate, apex long-acuminate to caudate. Heads 6–15, often with two or three heads in tight clusters, in cymes terminating main stem and lateral branches, 2–5 mm in diameter excluding rays, peduncles 2–25 mm long, glabrous; outer involucral bracts ca. 5 mm long, linear, well differentiated from inner bracts, glabrous; ray florets usually 7–9 per head, sterile, rays yellow, 13–20 × 3–4 mm, apex often minutely bi- or tri-lobed or rounded; disk florets ca. 30–32, perfect. Achenes black, 6–7 mm long, margin setose; pappus usually of 2 minute awns.
Distribution
Marquesas Islands, Nuku Hiva, endemic to the Toovii Plateau area, especially Tapueahu Valley, 500–1165 m.
Habitat
Bidens bipontina is known only in montane wet shrubland with Freycinetia impavida and Hibiscus tiliaceus dominant.
Conservation status
Proposed IUCN Red List Category Endangered (EN), criteria B2b i–iii): B2, total area of occupancy less than 500 km² (ca. 50 km²); b (i–iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The suitable habitat for Bidens bipontina on Nuku Huka (ca. 340 km²) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation), feral animals, and invasive plants, thus reducing the extent of the suitable habitat.
Specimens examined
Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva: Terre Deserte, crête W du Mt. Akaupe, 1165 m, 8°52"S/140°10"W, 10 Aug 1987, Florence 8539 (BISH [2]); Route plateau de Toovii–Terre Deserte, 2 km après le col, 930 m, 8°52"S/140°9"W, 9 Dec 1982, Florence 4348 (BISH, P, PAP, US); Toovii, Ooumu area, top of Tapueahu Valley off new hwy, 1067–1128 m, 8°51"S/140°19"W, 20-22 Sep 1995, Wood & Perlman 4601, (BISH, P, PAP, PTBG, UBC, US); Along old Airport road, across summit crest from Toovii, back drainages of Tapueahu Valley, 1085 m, 21 Sep 1995, Perlman & Wood 15028 (AD, BISH, F, MO, P, PAP, PTBG, US); Ridge crest 2 valleys S of Airport road, back of Tapueahu gulch, to NW of Toovii over summit crest, 1024 m, 21 Sep 1995, Perlman & Wood 15021 (AD, BISH, MO, P, PAP, PTBG) [apparently mixed collection with US sheet, a hybrid]; 500 m, 15 Oct 1922, Quayle 1235 (BISH).
Discussion
Bidens bipontina is distinctive in its conspicuously caudate leaves and erect linear involucral bracts.
Taxon Treatment
- Wagner, W; Clark, J; Lorence, D; 2014: Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae) PhytoKeys, 38: 37-67. doi
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