Asbestopluma desmophora (Vacelet, Jean & Kelly, Michelle 2014)
| Notice: | This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions.
If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Citation formats to copy and paste
BibTeX: @article{Vacelet2014Zootaxa3815, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Vacelet2014Zootaxa3815">{{Citation |
Ordo: Poecilosclerida
Familia: Cladorhizidae
Genus: Asbestopluma
Name
Asbestopluma desmophora Kelly & Vacelet, 2011 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Asbestopluma desmophora Vacelet, Jean, 2014, Zootaxa 3815: 392-395.
Materials Examined
Material examined.NIWA81376: Z 15665, far eastern Solomon Islands, 12 ° S, 167 ° E, 1090 m, 10 Jan 2012, ROV (one large base plus several large branched pieces); NIWA81377: Z 15666, far eastern Solomon Islands, 12 ° S, 167 ° E, 1090 m, 9 Jan 2012, ROV (two bases and one broken branch).
Distribution
Distribution.Macquarie Ridge (Australia EEZ, international waters); Chatham Rise, Hikurangi Plateau, Cavalli Seamount (New Zealand EEZ); Solomon Islands.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis. Erect, arborescent sponge, about 100 mm high, branching dichotomously several times in a single plane, bearing numerous lateral filaments, sometimes with a brush or tassel-shaped end. Attachment base hard, devoid of filaments, densely packed and intermingled with desmas, and lined in places with a felt-work of microtylostrongyles. Megascleres desmas, and two size categories of mycalostyles, and small microtylostrongyles. Microscleres, two size categories of anisochelae, sigmas and sigmancistras (modified from Kelly & Vacelet 2011).
Description
Description. Several specimens and fragments up to 110 mm high (Fig. 4 A, B). Attachment base slightly enlarged, preserved in three specimens only. Lower part of the axes 2.5 to 2.7 mm in diameter, devoid of filaments. Fine lateral filaments are well preserved and up to 4 mm long and 250 µm diameter at their base in NIWA81377. Consistency of the lower stem and branches rigid, branches are fragile and easily broken. Color, white to cream. No aperture or aquiferous system visible. Skeleton. Attachment base with densely packed and tightly intermingled desmas, fusiform styles and strongly curved substrongyles form a twisted axis in the basal part of the stem, which is lined with a felt-work of microtylostrongyles preserved in a few places. Lateral filaments have an axis of mycalostyles, and are frequently anchored through the main axis. Numerous large anisochelae line the main axis, whereas the small anisochelae and sigmancistras are numerous along the filaments. Spicules. Megascleres (Fig. 4 C–D; Tab. 2), desmas (Fig. 4 E); 140–250 Μm. Mycalostyles I (Fig. 4 C left) from the main axis, sometimes substrongyles with a blunt point, fusiform; 875–1625 Μm. Mycalostyles II (Fig. 4 C right), of the filaments with a faintly marked head and an acerate, short point, straight, faintly fusiform, diameter often slightly irregular along the shaft; 410–755x 8–15 µm. Acanthotylostrongyles (Fig. 4 D) from the basal part of the axis, irregularly curved, minutely spinose, with a round head and an abruptly blunt end; 45– 92 x 1–2 Μm. Microscleres (Fig. 4 F–I; Tab. 2), anisochelae I (Fig. 4 F), palmate, head with the two alae entirely linked to the shaft, and a large, ovoid central tooth. Foot with two diverging, short conical teeth, with or without a short central tooth, giving a trilobate aspect; 38–52 Μm. Anisochelae II (Fig. 4 G), palmate, abundant, foot with a shaft bearing two round, poorly developed lateral alae, then strongly bent in a central tooth bearing two lateral expansions and ending in a small, conical tubercle; 9–12 Μm. Sigmancistras (Fig. 4 H) with two swellings along the shaft and a median depression; 17.5–25 Μm.
Desmas Mycalostyle I (main axis)Mycalostyle II (filaments)Kelly & Vacelet, 2011 140–450 400–1500 x 12–38 310–600 x 7–12NIWA 81376 Prep 1 950–1575 x 19–28 410–500 x 10–12NIWA 81376 Prep 2 875–1625 x 18–29 410–755 x 9–15NIWA 81377 Prep 1 200–250 970–1475 x 21–29 420–525 x 8–13NIWA 81377 B Prep 2 140–240 1275–1525 x 18–31 452–525 x 10–13TABLE 2. (Continued) Microtylostrongyles Anisochelae I Anisochelae II Sigmancistra Kelly & Vacelet, 2011 30–138 x 2–2.5 25–40 8–10 15–27NIWA 81376 Prep 1 65–90 x 1.5–2 45–52 10–12 17.5–25NIWA 81376 Prep 2 43–50 10–12 19–22NIWA 81377 Prep 1 45–80 x 1–2 38–48 9–12 19–21NIWA 81377 B Prep 2 55–92 x 1–2 39–46 11–12 18–23 Substrate, depth range and ecology. Rocky substrate on hydrothermal vents at 1090 m, with a similar habitat to Abyssocladia lackwollii sp. nov. A few arborescent, dichotomously branching sponges, likely belonging to Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) desmophora, have been observed on in situ photos from the ROV in the place of collection (Fig. 1 A, arrows). They appear to be less abundant than A. lakwollii sp. nov. in the collection area, and are found on horizontal, rather than vertical substrate.
Discussion
Remarks.Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) desmophora was first described from Seamount 9 Hjort, Macquarie Ridge (Australia EEZ) and to the north and south of the eastern New Zealand region (Chatham Rise, Hikurangi Plateau, and Cavalli Seamount) from 501 to 2675 m (Kelly & Vacelet 2011). Specimens from the far eastern Solomon Islands are remarkably similar in external form to their counterparts in the New Zealand region, and exhibit only minor variation in spicule complement. The mycalostyles I are here longer (875–1625 Μm) than in the type material (400–920 µm), in which they are usually shorter than 1000 µm (although one paratype has mycalostyles up to 1500 µm long), and the anisochelae I are also larger (38–52 µm versus 22–46 µm) and sometimes have a trilobate basal tooth instead of a bilobate one. The anisochelae II microscleres have a foot with a central tooth bearing a short tubercle rather than a point as in the more southern specimens (see Fig. 4 G & I), and no true sigmas were observed; however, these were rare or absent in most specimens of the type material. It is our opinion that these minor variations do not justify distinction of the Solomon Islands specimens at the species level, even though the result is a rather disjunct distribution for the species. The Solomon Islands specimens also possess desmas in the attachment base, a character known only in two other species of Asbestopluma, A. (A.) inexpectata Lopes & Hajdu, 2014, from the southwest Atlantic; and A. (A.) bitrichela Lopes, Bravo & Hajdu, 2011, from Chile. Both species differ considerably from A. (A.) desmophora in the morphology and dimensions of all spicules, but particularly in the shape of the desmas and large anisochelae. Furthermore, A. (A.) inexpectata has an unusual mixture of anisochelae and isochelae.
Taxon Treatment
- Vacelet, Jean; Kelly, Michelle; 2014: A new species of Abyssocladia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) and other carnivorous sponges from the far eastern Solomon Islands, Zootaxa 3815: 392-395. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
