Cyanthillium\according to Robinson et al 2016
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Ordo: Asterales
Familia: Asteraceae
Name
Cyanthillium Blume, 1826 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Cyanthillium Blume, Bidjr. 889. 1826. – Type: Cyanthillium villosum Blume
- Isonema Cass., Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 152. 1817, nom. illeg., non Isonema R. Br., 1810. – Type: Isonema ovata Cass.
- Cyanopsis Blume ex DC., 5: 69. 1836, nom. illeg. superfl., non Cass. 1817.
- Vernonia sect Tephrodes DC., Prodr. 5: 24. 1836. – Lectotype: Conyza cinerea Blume (Jones 1981a).
- Claotrachelus Zoll. & Moritz ex Zoll., Natuur-Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Indie 2: 263, 565. 1845. – Type: Claotrachelus rupestris Zoll. & Moritz ex Zoll.
- Seneciodes L. ex Post & O. Kuntze, Lex. Gen. Phan. 2: 515. 1903. – Type: Conyza cinerea L.
- Triplotaxis Hutch., Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914: 355. 1914. – Lectotype: Herderia stellulifera Benth. in Hook. (Robinson 1990a).
- Vernonia subsect. Tephrodes (DC.) S.B. Jones, Rhodora 83: 70. 1981.
Resources
Traditionally treated as part of Vernonia.
Descriptions
Annual or short-lived perennial herbs to 1 m tall; stems erect or spreading; hairs symetrically or asymetrically T-shaped with short stalk. Leaves alternate; petioles narrow; blades membranaceous, ovate to narrowly lanceolate. Inflorescences terminal, moderately densely to laxly branching, distinctly cymiform or with rather corymbiform branches, with minute bracteoles; peduncles rather short to elongate. Heads narrowly campanulate, involucral bracts ca. 30 in 3(–5) series, gradate, thinly chartaceous, green with pale or purplish margins, persistent, often with pilose to sericeous pubescence; receptacles epaleaceous. Florets 15–94 in a head; corollas bluish to lavender, funnelform with slender lower tubes, throat a third as long to nearly as long as lobes, lobes with simple hairs especially near tips; anthers without tails; apical appendages oblong-ovate, glabrous, with thin cell walls; style base with broad node; style branches with acicular sweeping hairs. Achenes 5-ribbed, or terete, setulae shortly cleft at tips, with idioblasts, sometimes with glands, raphids elongate; inner pappus of many long, sometimes rather fragile, slender-tipped capillary bristles, outer series of persistent squamellae, one species with callose ring. Chromosome number n = 9, 18, 20 (Turner and Lewis 1965[1], Mathew and Mathew 1976[2], Jones 1979[3]).
Pollen ca. 30 μm in diameter (dry); triporate, echinolophate, ca. 21 lacunae rather irregularly disposed at poles and in intercolpi; perforated tectum restricted to ridges of muri, with distinct microperforations; spinules of muri short, shorter than width of mural ridge, pointed, without columellae under each murus; baculae single at junctures of muri and no baculae between junctures, each intersection of muri with stout columella that is firmly attached to footlayer (Fig. 4 D–F). Notable secondary metabolites, 5-alkylcoumarins, sesquiterpene glaucolides, guanolides (Bohlamnn and Jakupovic 1990[4], as Vernonia chinensis Less., Vernonia cinerea Less.).
Taxon Treatment
- Robinson, H; Skvarla, J; Funk, V; 2016: Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen PhytoKeys, (60): 49-126. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Turner B, Lewis W (1965) Chromosome numbers in the Compositae: African species. Journal of South African Botany 31: 207–217.
- ↑ Mathew A, Mathew P (1976) Studies on south Indian Compositae. II. Cytology of the genus Vernonia Schreb. Cytologia 41: 401–406. doi: 10.1508/cytologia.48.679
- ↑ Jones S (1979) Chromosomes of the Vernonieae (Compositae). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 106: 79–84. doi: 10.2307/2484281
- ↑ Bohlmann F, Jakupovic J (1990) Progress in the chemistry of the Vernonieae (Compositae). Plant Systematics and Evolution Suppl. 4: 3–43. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2
