Calumma boettgeri
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Ordo: Squamata
Familia: Chamaeleonidae
Genus: Calumma
Name
Calumma boettgeri Prötzel, David, 2015 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Calumma boettgeri Prötzel, David, 2015, Zootaxa 4048: 214-221.
Description
External morphology. Measurements of important morphological parameters were taken from 23 specimens (11 males, 12 females) from Nosy Be, six specimens (five males, one female) from Montagne d’Ambre, and another nine specimens without exact locality data (Table 1). Because there was only one female from Montagne d’Ambre available, only males from both species were considered for comparison of body size, extremities and appendages. The specimens without localities were not included in mean value calculations but could be assigned according to their morphology to the Nosy Be morphotype (four specimens) and the Montagne d’Ambre morphotype (five specimens), respectively.
, ratio of tail to snout-vent length; LRA, length of rostral appendage from snout tip; RRS, ratio of length of rostral appendage and snout-vent length; RAPSC, number of peripheral scales on rostral appendage; NPSCM, number of peripheral scales per mm on rostral appendage; RC, rostral crest present (+) or absent (-); NSL, number of supralabials; NIL, number of infralabials; OLD, lateral diameter of the occipital lobe; OLN, depth of the dorsal notch in occipital lobe; PC, parietal crest absent (-) or number of parietal cones; DC, dorsal crest absent (-) or number of dorsal cones; AP, axillary pits present (+) or absent (-); DSC, diameter of broadest scale on upper arm; RSB, ratio of broadest scale to snout-vent length; NSC, number of big scales on upper arm from lateral view; UAD, upper arm diameter; RAS, ratio of arm diameter to snout-vent length; all measurements in mm. collection no.species locality sex SVL TaL TL RST LRA RRS RAPSC NPSCM RC NSL ZFMK 51389C. boettgeri Nosy Be m51.5 51.8 103.4 0.99 4.0 0.077 26 6.5+12ZFMK 51520C. boettgeri Nosy Be m50.7 54.2 104.9 0.94 3.0 0.060 21 7.0+13ZFMK 45987C. boettgeri Nosy Be m51.6 52.8 104.4 0.98 2.6 0.051 13 4.9+11ZFMK 45988C. boettgeri Nosy Be m49.9 54.4 104.3 0.92 3.1 0.062 18 5.8+12ZFMK 51518C. boettgeri Nosy Be m46.0 45.5 91.4 1.01 2.6 0.057 17 6.5+12ZFMK 51519C. boettgeri Nosy Be m50.7 50.2 100.9 1.01 3.2 0.062 26 8.3+12ZFMK 51521C. boettgeri Nosy Be m41.1 45.8 86.9 0.90 4.1 0.100 22 5.4+12ZSM 36/1913C. boettgeri Nosy Be m41.4 44.0 85.4 0.94 2.5 0.059 15 6.1+12ZSM 440/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m50.1 54.1 104.2 0.93 3.0 0.060 14 4.6+12ZSM 444/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m51.9 55.0 106.9 0.94 2.9 0.057 17 5.8+12SMF 16471C. boettgeri Nosy Be m50.3 54.3 104.6 0.93 3.6 0.072 15 3.6+13ZFMK 51514C. boettgeri -m49.4 51.2 100.6 0.96 3.5 0.072 17 4.8+13ZSM 866/1920C. boettgeri -m54.6 55.7 110.3 0.98 3.6 0.065 17 4.8+16ZFMK 45985C. boettgeri Nosy Be f48.9 46.7 95.6 1.05 3.8 0.077 20 5.3+12ZFMK 51516C. boettgeri Nosy Be f51.4 51.2 102.6 1.00 2.2 0.042 20 9.2+11ZFMK 51517C. boettgeri Nosy Be f50.5 47.6 98.1 1.06 3.1 0.062 18 5.8+11ZFMK 50615C. boettgeri Nosy Be f42.0 41.8 83.8 1.00 3.0 0.072 18 5.9+11ZFMK 45983C. boettgeri Nosy Be f50.8 48.6 99.4 1.05 4.1 0.081- -+12ZFMK 45986C. boettgeri Nosy Be f45.0 45.2 90.3 1.00- - - -+12ZFMK 48226C. boettgeri Nosy Be f47.6 47.3 94.9 1.01 2.5 0.052 14 5.7+15 ……continued on the next page …….continued on the next page Continued. TABLE 1. (Continued)collection no. species locality sex SVL TaL TL RST LRA RRS RAPSC NPSCM RC NSL ZFMK 45984 C. boettgeri Nosy Be f55.5 52.5 108.0 1.06 1.2 0.022 10 8.1+12ZSM 227/2002 C. boettgeri Nosy Be f48.8 52.8 101.6 0.92 3.2 0.065 15 4.7+12ZSM 441/2000 C. boettgeri Nosy Be f45.5 43.4 88.9 1.05 2.7 0.060 16 5.9+12SMF 16471 C. boettgeri Nosy Be f50.0 46.7 96.7 1.07 2.8 0.056 14 5.0+13SMF 16472 C. boettgeri Nosy Be f46.0 45.7 91.7 1.01 3.0 0.065 14 4.7+12ZSM 865/1920 C. boettgeri -f49.4 46.7 96.1 1.06 3.5 0.070 20 5.8+15ZFMK 51515 C. boettgeri -f51.3 48.2 99.5 1.06 2.9 0.057 17 5.8+13MCZ 5988 Ch. macrorhinus ‘Madagascar’ f48.1 44.9 93.1 1.07 2.8 0.058 17 6.1+17 ZSM 236/2004C. linotum M. d'Ambre m55.4 63.0 118.4 0.88 4.3 0.077 16 3.7+13ZSM 1683/2012C. linotum M. d'Ambre m53.0 56.3 109.3 0.94 4.7 0.089cut -+13ZSM 2073/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m59.6 64.8 124.4 0.92 4.5 0.075 18 4.0+-ZSM 2072/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m53.7 59.2 112.8 0.91 4.3 0.080 13 3.0+13ZFMK 52308C. linotum Joffreville m36.2 37.9 74.1 0.96 2.5 0.068 15 6.1+-ZSM 873/1920/3C. linotum -m54.6 58.1 112.6 0.94 4.4 0.081 14 3.2+12ZSM 873/1920/1C. linotum -m52.4cut52.4-4.3 0.081 16 3.8+12ZFMK 36630C. linotum -m55.6 61.9 117.5-4.7 0.085 15 3.2+12ZSM 551/2001C. linotum Andampy f50.6 50.7 101.3 1.00 2.0 0.040 9 4.5+13ZSM 622/1999C. linotum -f54.5 54.9 109.4 0.99 4.1 0.075 15 3.7+13ZSM 873/1920/2C. linotum -f42.7 47.4 90.1 0.90 3.1 0.072 15 4.9+12ZSM 21/1923C. linotum ‘Madagascar’ m56.1 70.0 126.1 0.80 4.3 0.077 15 3.5+14 collection no. species locality sex NIL OLD OLN PC DC AP DSC RSB NSC UAD RAS……continued on the next page collection no. species locality sex NIL OLD OLN PC DC AP DSC RSB NSC UAD RAS SMF16471C. boettgeri Nosy Be f 10 4.2 0.0 - 0 - 0.4 0.007 9 2.2 0.044SMF16472C. boettgeri Nosy Be f 13 3.5 0.1 - 11 - 0.4 0.009 10 1.8 0.039ZSM865 / 1920C. boettgeri - f 13 2.8 0.1 - 0 - 0.3 0.006 9 1.9 0.038ZFMK51515C. boettgeri - f 13 3.3 0.7 - 0 - 0.3 0.006 12 2.1 0.041MCZ5988Ch. macrorhinus ‘Madagascar’ f 6.1 3.2 0.1 - 0 - 0.3 0.007 8 2.3 0.047 Individuals from Montagne d’Ambre show clear morphological differences from Nosy Be specimens (Fig. 7). The adult males examined from Montagne d’Ambre are larger than those from Nosy Be (mean values of TL 107.8 mm in Montagne d’Ambre vs. 99.3 mm in Nosy Be, Table 2), their rostral appendage is longer related to the snoutvent length (RRS 0.078 vs. 0.065) and the ratio of arm diameter to snout-vent length is larger (UAD /SVL 0.053 vs. 0.042). ZFMK 51389C. boettgeri Nosy Be m12 3.7 0.3-19 -0.4 0.008 7 2.0 0.038ZFMK 51520C. boettgeri Nosy Be m13 3.1 0.3-2 -0.4 0.007 10 2.2 0.044ZFMK 45987C. boettgeri Nosy Be m11 4.7 0.4-0 -0.5 0.010 9 2.1 0.040ZFMK 45988C. boettgeri Nosy Be m11 3.0 0.4-12 -0.2 0.004 10 2.0 0.041ZFMK 51518C. boettgeri Nosy Be m13 3.4 0.3-0 -0.4 0.008 8 2.2 0.048ZFMK 51519C. boettgeri Nosy Be m11 4.3 0.6-18 -0.3 0.006 9 2.0 0.039ZFMK 51521C. boettgeri Nosy Be m11 3.8 0.6-5 -0.3 0.007 9 1.5 0.036ZSM 36/1913C. boettgeri Nosy Be m12 3.2 0.0-0 -0.4 0.008 12 1.8 0.043ZSM 440/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m12 4.8 0.3-28 -0.4 0.008 14 2.5 0.050ZSM 444/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m12 3.7 0.5-15 -0.4 0.008 11 2.3 0.045SMF 16471C. boettgeri Nosy Be m13 4.0 0.0-11 -0.4 0.009 9 2.0 0.040ZFMK 51514C. boettgeri -m13 3.7 0.3-14 -0.5 0.009 11 2.2 0.044ZSM 866/1920C. boettgeri -m15 3.7 0.3-20 -0.4 0.008 8 2.0 0.036ZFMK 45985C. boettgeri Nosy Be f13 4.6 0.5-0 -0.4 0.007 10 1.8 0.036ZFMK 51516C. boettgeri Nosy Be f11 3.8 0.5-0 -0.3 0.007 12 2.2 0.042ZFMK 51517C. boettgeri Nosy Be f11 2.7 0.5-0 -0.4 0.007 14 2.2 0.044ZFMK 50615C. boettgeri Nosy Be f12 3.4 0.4-0 -0.4 0.008 8 1.5 0.036ZFMK 45983C. boettgeri Nosy Be f12 3.5 0.0-0 -0.3 0.006 11 2.1 0.040ZFMK 45986C. boettgeri Nosy Be f11 3.0 0.5-3 -0.3 0.007 9 2.0 0.044ZFMK 48226C. boettgeri Nosy Be f14 2.7 0.3-0 -0.2 0.004-1.9 0.039ZFMK 45984C. boettgeri Nosy Be f11 2.8 0.4-0 -0.3 0.005 11 2.0 0.036ZSM 227/2002C. boettgeri Nosy Be f12 3.3 0.1-0 -0.3 0.006 11 2.0 0.041ZSM 441/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be f12 3.9 0.5-0 -0.4 0.008 9 2.2 0.048
ZSM 236/2004C. linotum M. d'Ambre m13 4.5 0.0 4 10 -0.7 0.012 18 2.9 0.052ZSM 1683/2012C. linotum M. d'Ambre m13 4.7 0.1 3 8 -0.7 0.014 20 2.9 0.055ZSM 2073/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m12 4.2 0.0 3 13 -0.6 0.010 22 3.1 0.052ZSM 2072/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m12 3.8 0.2 4 12 -0.8 0.015 21 3.1 0.058ZFMK 52308C. linotum Joffreville m -2.8 0.0 3 9 -0.4 0.011 20 1.7 0.048ZSM 873/1920/3C. linotum -m14 4.1 0.2 6 5 -0.7 0.013 19 3.0 0.054ZSM 873/1920/1C. linotum -m12 4.8 0.1 5 4 -0.8 0.015 19 3.0 0.058ZFMK 36630C. linotum -m12 3.7 0.3 4 0 -0.7 0.012 23 3.0 0.054ZSM 551/2001C. linotum Andampy f13 5.1 0.0(5) 6 -0.6 0.011 16 2.8 0.055ZSM 622/1999C. linotum -f13 4.1 0.2(4) 0 -0.6 0.011 22 2.9 0.054ZSM 873/1920/2C. linotum -f12 3.9 0.0 6 0 -0.5 0.013 17 2.8 0.065ZSM 21/1923C. linotum ‘Madagascar’ m14 4.7 0.1(5) 0 -0.7 0.013 22 3.0 0.054
species C. boettgeri C. boettgeri C. linotum locality Nosy Be Nosy Be M. d'Ambre sex m f m mean value SD mean value SD mean value SD SVL48.5 4.2 48.6 3.8 51.6 9.0TaL50.8 4.2 47.7 3.7 56.2 10.8TL99.3 8.1 96.3 7.2 107.8 19.7RST0.96 0.04 1.02 0.04 0.92 0.03LRA3.1 0.5 2.9 0.9 4.1 0.9RRS0.065 0.014 0.059 0.018 0.078 0.008RAPSC18.9 4.7 16.4 3.4 15.5 2.1NPSCM6.1 1.0 6.3 1.5 4.2 1.3NSL12 0.5 12 1 13 0NIL11.8 0.8 11.9 0.9 12.5 0.6OLD3.8 0.6 3.7 0.4 4.0 0.7DSC0.36 0.08 0.32 0.05 0.64 0.15RSB0.0075 0.0015 0.0066 0.0012 0.0124 0.0019NSC9.9 2.0 10.6 1.8 20.2 1.5UAD2.1 0.3 2.0 0.2 2.7 0.6RAS0.042 0.005 0.041 0.004 0.053 0.004 Both populations show heterogeneous scalation, especially at the extremities and the rostral appendage. The enlarged rounded tubercles on the limbs are distinctly larger in animals from Montagne d’Ambre; the mean diameter of the largest tubercle of the upper arm is 0.64 mm compared to 0.36 mm (Nosy Be). Additionally the number of the enlarged tubercles on the upper arm of males from Montagne d’Ambre is approximately twice that of males from Nosy Be, with a mean of 20.2 compared to 9.9, respectively, and the tubercles are not bordering each other on Nosy Be individuals. This character is also confirmed from a juvenile of SVL 26.9 mm (ZFMK48227, Nosy Be) and a juvenile of SVL 36.2 mm (ZFMK52308, Joffreville). Another morphological difference between both populations can be found in the pholidosis of the rostral appendage. Although the rostral appendage is significantly smaller in males from Nosy Be (see above), they have more peripheral scales on it, with a mean of 18.9 compared to 15.5 in Montagne d’Ambre males. In relation to the size of the appendage, this means 6.1 scales per mm compared with 4.1 scales per mm in Montagne d’Ambre. In summary, specimens from Montagne d’Ambre show a more heterogeneous scalation with broader tubercles on extremities and the rostral appendage. This is true of females as well (note that only one female with locality data was examined). Montagne d’Ambre individuals differ also in both sexes from Nosy Be specimens in the presence of a parietal crest which is best visible in the micro-CT scan (see below). The other morphological features either were highly variable or did not differ between the populations. For example, the number of dorsal cones was 0–28 in Nosy Be, and 9–13 in Montagne d’Ambre. Likewise the edges of the occipital lobes vary between the specimens. They range between un-notched and clearly notched (up to 0.7 mm) in Nosy Be, and are either not or only slightly notched (up to 0.3 mm) in Montagne d’Ambre. All specimens have a rostral crest and none have axillary pits. Colouration. Males also show great differences between the populations in colouration (see Fig. 2 A, B). Males from Montagne d’Ambre were more colourful, with a true blue rostral appendage and greenish turquoise extremities (Fig. 2 A). The colour of the legs is induced only by the coloured tubercle scales. The body is pale green or light brown with two dark brown spots and (occasionally) a beige lateral stripe on each side that stops at the base of the tail. The tail is the same colour as the body and (in stress colouration) possesses black annulations. The head is also greenish or brown with a dark stripe from the snout crossing the eyes to the occipital lobes. The skin around the mouth and the throat can be white. The colour description is based on a total of seven pictures of the Montagne d’Ambre form, referred to as C. boettgeri in Schmidt et al. (2010), C. boettgeri (picture 1 c) in Glaw & Vences (2007)Calumma sp. in Nečas (2004) and C. boettgeri in Garbutt et al. (2001). The body and head of females is brown; the rostral appendage can be coloured bright blue, see picture of C. boettgeri in Schmidt et al. (2010).
The body colouration of males from Nosy Be in contrast is yellowish or greenish brown with little dark brown rosettes, when stressed (Fig. 2 B). The legs are brown with little blue or green spots resulting from the tubercles. The colouration of the head is similar to the body colouration. The rostral appendage differs clearly from Montagne d’Ambre with the absence of any striking colour and is the same brown colour as the casque. Females are uniformly light or greenish brown coloured. Compare also a total of seven pictures of Calumma boettgeri in Hyde Roberts & Daly (2014), in Glaw & Vences (2007: 191) picture 1 a and 1 b, in Nečas (2004) and in Henkel & Schmidt (1995). Osteology of the skull based on micro-CT scans. Micro-CT scans of heads of two males and two females from Nosy Be and from Montagne d’Ambre exposed additional differences between the two forms. Specimens from Montagne d’Ambre (Fig. 4, D and E) bear tubercles on the parietal in both sexes. These form a little parietal crest in the middle with three to four tubercles, laterally followed by two tubercles on each side. The frontal is also irregularly spotted with tubercles. The parietal and frontal of animals from Nosy Be in contrast are smooth (Fig. 4, A and B). As in all species of the genus Calumma, the nasal bones are paired (Rieppel & Crumly 1997). These are broader in our specimens from Montagne d’Ambre (mean NW 0.35 mm vs. 0.24 mm in Nosy Be; mean NW/NL 0.18 vs. 0.14, Table 3, Fig. 4) and the anterior tip of the frontal bone does not exceed more than a half of the naris. In skulls from Nosy Be it does exceed this point, and the frontal meets the premaxilla, as described for C. nasutum (Rieppel & Crumly 1997). The parietal also varies between the two localities. In Nosy Be samples, the parietal tapers more tightly. Its diameter is at the tightest area on average 0.61 mm (vs. 1.06 mm) and 11 % of the largest diameter of the parietal (vs. 22 %, Table 3, Fig. 4). The parietal in Montagne d’Ambre samples appears wider and more compact. However, the form of the parietal is variable within localities and cannot be used as a diagnostic character. Although chameleons are sexually dimorphic animals, differences between sexes in skull structure were not proven (Table 3).
Notes: m, male; f, female; NL, nasal length; NW, nasal width; RNWL, ratio of nasal width to length; PL, largest diameter; PS, parietal smallest diameter; RPSL, ratio of parietal smallest to largest diameter; PC, parietal crest absent (-) or number of tubercles. collection no.species locality sex NL NW RNWL PL PS RPSL PC ZSM 440/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m2.1 0.3 0.14 4.7 0.5 0.11-ZSM 441/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be f2.2 0.2 0.09 3.9 0.5 0.13-ZSM 444/2000C. boettgeri Nosy Be m1.8 0.3 0.17 4.7 0.3 0.07-ZSM 227/2002C. boettgeri Nosy Be f1.3 0.2 0.15 4.1 0.6 0.15-mean value1.85 0.25 0.14 4.35 0.49 0.11SD0.40 0.06 0.03 0.41 0.11 0.03MCZ 5988Ch. macrorhinus ‘Madagascar’ f2.0 0.2 0.10 3.9 1.1 0.28 1ZSM 2072/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m2.5 0.4 0.16 4.5 1.5 0.33 4ZSM 2073/2007C. linotum M. d'Ambre m2.1 0.4 0.19 4.6 0.6 0.13 3ZSM 873/1920/2C. linotum M. d'Ambre f2.3 0.3 0.15 4.2 0.9 0.21 4ZSM 551/2001C. linotum Andampy f1.4 0.3 0.23 4.3 0.9 0.21 3mean value2.07 0.36 0.18 4.40 0.97 0.22 3.50SD0.49 0.04 0.04 0.18 0.38 0.08 0.58ZSM 21/1923C. linotum ‘Madagascar’ m2.7 0.3 0.11 4.6 1.4 0.30 4 Hemipenial morphology based on micro-CT scans. The scans of hemipenes of specimens from each population enable a detailed view of their structure. The hemipenes are illustrated in sulcal and asulcal view with the apex on top (Fig. 5). Both populations show large and deep calyces with smooth ridges on the asulcal side of the truncus. The apex is ornamented with two pairs of long pointed papillae and two pairs of rotulae. The papillae rise from the sulcal side of the apex and are curved to the asulcal side. They can be completely everted (Fig. 5, C) or retracted in the apex (Fig. 5, D). One pair of rotulae is placed on the asulcal side (the smaller one) and one pair on the sulcal side. Here some differences between the populations are recognizable; in Nosy Be (n = 2) the rotulae are slightly more denticulated, with 6–11 tips on asulcal side and 14–16 tips on sulcal side, compared to Montagne d’Ambre (n = 3) with 6–8 tips on the rotulae of the asulcal side and 11–14 tips on both rotulae on the sulcal side.
Taxon Treatment
- Prötzel, David; Ruthensteiner, Bernhard; Scherz, Mark D.; Glaw, Frank; 2015: Systematic revision of the Malagasy chameleons Calumma boettgeri and C. linotum (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae), Zootaxa 4048: 214-221. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
