Bidessodes

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: ORDO
Familia: FAMILIA

Name

Bidessodes Régimbart, 1895 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Bidessodes Régimbart, 1895:76; type species: Bidessodes elongatus Sharp, 1882b:25 by monotypy.
• Bidessodes Régimbart, 1900:528; type species: Bidessodes semistriatus Régimbart, 1900:529 by subsequent designation of Young 1969:2; preoccupied by Régimbart 1895:76; Blackwelder 1944:76; Young 1967:82; 1969:2; 1986:219; Biström 1988:7; Nilsson 2016:98.
• Bidessus (Bidessodes), Zimmermann, 1919:61; 1921:200.
• Hughbosdineus Spangler, 1981:65 syn. n.
• Youngulus Spangler, 1981:69 syn. n.
• Bidessodes (Hughbosdineus), Young, 1986:206; Biström, 1988:7.
• Bidessodes (Youngulus), Young, 1986:207; Biström, 1988:7.

Diagnosis

Bidessodes are characterized by the following features: (1) a transverse occipital line is absent (e.g. Fig. 1), (2) the anterior clypeal margin is unmodified (Fig. 1), (3) the basal pronotal striae are present (Fig. 1), (4) the basal elytral stria is absent (Fig. 1), (5) the elytral sutural stria is absent (Fig. 1), and (6) the transverse carina across the epipleuron at the humeral angle of the elytron is absent. The genus most similar in general appearance to Bidessodes in Bidessini is Neobidessodes Hendrich and Balke, 2009, a group of species from Australia previously placed in Bidessodes. The main difference between these genera is a series of very fine serrations or denticles along the posterior margins of the abdominal ventrites, present in Bidessodes and absent in Neobidessodes.

Comments

The genera Hughbosdineus and Youngulus were proposed by Spangler (1981) and relegated to subgenera of Bidessodes by Young (1986). It seems clear, though, that the species were placed in their own genera based on unusual apomorphies rather than clear evidence of phylogenetic isolation. Although there has not been a phylogenetic analysis of the group, these two species appear to be well within the general character-based concept of Bidessodes. There is little justification for continued recognition of three subgenera in Bidessodes, so, Hughbosdineus Spangler, 1981 and Youngulus Spangler, 1981 are each placed as junior synonyms of Bidessodes Régimbart, 1895 (new synonymies).

Key to species of Bidessodes

The following key is modified from Young (1986) and Braga and Ferreira-Jr. (2009). Keys to Bidessodes have been historically based on male attributes. This key is similarly limited. Females of many species are extremely similar and cannot be easily distinguished without association with males. Much of the key requires dissection of male genitalia, and even with the key the best diagnostic method is to dissect male genitalia and compare with descriptions and images of them. Bidessodes fragilis is not keyed given ambiguity about its identity and character combination.

Key to species of Bidessodes — K. Miller

1		Prosternal process anterior to procoxae distinctly carinate with distinctive setae or spines anteriorly in only males or both males and females    2
–		Prosternal process anterior to procoxae not distinctly carinate in either sex, simply rounded or only weakly carinate, without distinctive setae or spines    3
2		Prosternal process carinate anterior to procoxae in both males and females; males with distinctive transverse impression across metaventrite behind mesocoxae; metatrochanter and metafemur large, but not conspicuously modified (Fig. 71); length: 2.3–2.6 mm; male median lobe in lateral aspect apically somewhat curved with distinct subapical dorsal expansion (Fig. 68); lateral lobe very broad, apical segment large, broadly subtriangular, oriented obliquely with respect to basal segment (Fig. 70); Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela (Fig. 104)     Bidessodes knischi
–		Prosternal process anterior to procoxae carinate in males but not females; metaventrite not impressed in either sex; metatrochanter large and rounded apically, conspicuously extending beyond ventral margin of metafemur (Fig. 81); length: 2.4–2.9 mm; male median lobe in lateral aspect apically strongly curved without distinct subapical expansion (Fig. 78); lateral lobe with apical segment very large, expanded apically, broadly rounded at apex, linear with respect to small basal segment (Fig. 80); Guyana, Brazil (Fig. 100)     Bidessodes obscuripennis
3		Male metatrochanter large, almost square in outline and metafemur enlarged (Fig. 50); male abdominal ventrite VI transversely impressed subapically, apex weakly carinate; male median lobe in lateral aspect with apical portion medially broadly expanded, narrowed to elongate, slender, straight at apex (Fig. 47); length: 2.8–3.1 mm; Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana (Fig. 98)     Bidessodes franki
–		Male metatrochanter variable, in some cases slightly modified in males but not conspicuously modified as above in either sex; male abdominal ventrite VI variable; male genitalia different from described above    4
4		Male mesotibia distinctly bent at base (as in Fig. 66)    5
–		Male mesotibia not bent    9
5		Pronotum widest at base, nearly as wide as distance across bases of elytra (Fig. 61); male median lobe with two long branches, each of which is broadly spatulate and trilobed (Fig. 63); lateral lobe with apical segment broad and round (Fig. 64); size small, about 2.2–2.4 mm in length; Brazil and Bolivia (Fig. 103)    Bidessodes jucundus
–		Pronotum widest medially, narrowed posteriorly; male median lobe may be comprised of two long branches, but not apically spatulate and trilobed; lateral lobe with apical segment various, but not broad and round    6
6		Last visible abdominal ventrite of male with distinct transverse sulcus; length: 2.6–2.7 mm; Brazil (Fig. 104)     Bidessodes hamadae
–		Last visible abdominal ventrite of male unmodified or variously impressed, but without carina or sulcus    7
7		Mesofemur of male not expanded; length: 2.2–2.6 mm; Brazil (Fig. 102)     Bidessodes nessimiani
–		Mesofemur of male expanded and distinctly swollen in apical 1/3    8
8		Elytra dark, without pale fasciae or maculae (Fig. 21); male median lobe in lateral aspect broadly curved, slender with elongate expansion along dorsal margin medially (Fig. 22); lateral lobe short, apical segment broad, apically truncate with broad expansion subapically along dorsal margin (Fig. 24); length: 2.5–2.8 mm; Bolivia and Brazil (Fig. 99)     Bidessodes acharistus
–		Elytra with pale fasciae (Fig. 92); male median lobe simple, in lateral aspect shallowly curved, expanded medially along ventral margin (Fig. 93); lateral lobe long, apical segment elongate, sinuate and apically slender and sharply pointed (Fig. 95); length: 2.4–2.8 mm; Brazil (Fig. 103)     Bidessodes zimmermanni
9		Abdominal ventrite VI of male deeply impressed on each side, impression medially carinate; pro- and mesotarsomere I of male not laterally expanded, similar to female mesotarsomeres; male median lobe deeply bifid, with each branch with distinctive apical “hooks” in ventral aspect (Fig. 89); size small, length: 2.0 mm (Fig. 87); Brazil and Guyana (Fig. 103)     Bidessodes s subsignatus
–		Abdominal ventrite VI of male not or only weakly impressed on each side, usually impressed in an oval or round area subapically or otherwise modified; pro- and mesotarsomere I of male distinctly expanded; male median lobe various, but not deeply bifid with apical “hooks” in ventral aspect; size larger, length > 2.0 mm    10
10		Apex of abdominal ventrite VI of male with distinct strigose sculpture or a longitudinal sulcus    11
–		Apex of abdominal ventrite VI of male unmodified or variously impressed, but without carina or sulcus    12
11		Abdominal ventrite VI of male with an area of coarse strigose sculpture subapically; male median lobe in lateral aspect extremely slender and curved with slender, pointed apical branches (Fig. 42); lateral lobe with apical portion irregularly shaped, subquadrate with apical short lobe (Fig. 43); length: 2.2–2.4 mm; Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela (Fig. 102)     Bidessodes evanidus
–		Abdominal ventrite VI of male without sculpturing subapically, sulcate instead; male median lobe with apex in lateral aspect sinuate (Fig. 32); lateral lobe with apical portion oval (Fig. 34); length: 2.4–2.6 mm; Brazil (Fig. 100)     Bidessodes demarcoi
12		Male median lobe in lateral aspect with apical portion moderately broad, sublinear, apically slender and very narrowly rounded (Fig. 83); length: 2.5–3.4 mm (Fig. 82); Brazil, French Guiana, and Suriname (Fig. 100)     Bidessodes semistriatus
–		Male median lobe not as described above; length < 3.0 mm    13
13		Male median lobe robust, curved, apically linear along dorsal margin, broadly expanded along ventral margin (Fig. 56); length: 2.4–2.6 mm; Venezuela, French Guiana (Fig. 100)     Bidessodes hygrobius
–		Male median lobe not as described above    14
14		Male median lobe in lateral aspect elongate, slender, evenly curved (Fig. 17); size small, length: 1.6–1.7 mm; Venezuela (Fig. 98)     Bidessodes melas
–		Male median lobe in lateral aspect robust, or differently shaped; size larger, length > 2.0 mm    15
15		Male median lobe in lateral aspect very broad and evenly curved, apically very slender (Fig. 27); length: 2.1–2.6 mm; Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname (Fig. 99)     Bidessodes charaxinus
–		Male median lobe in lateral aspect abruptly curved apically or linear, apex robust    16
16		Male median lobe in lateral aspect apically straight and broad (Fig. 7); length: 2.3–2.4 mm; Guyana (Fig. 97)     Bidessodes erythros
–		Male median lobe in lateral aspect apically abruptly curved    17
17		Male median lobe in ventral aspect extremely broad with broad lateral lobes (Fig. 12); length: 2.4 mm; Venezuela (Fig. 97)     Bidessodes leukus
–		Male median lobe in ventral aspect not so broad, without broad lateral lobes    18
18		Male median lobe in lateral aspect with apex extremely broad and truncate (Fig. 2); length: 2.3–2.5 mm; Suriname (Fig. 97)     Bidessodes chlorus
–		Male median lobe in lateral aspect somewhat more slender, apically pointed (Fig. 36); length: 2.6–2.9 mm; Central America (Fig. 101)     Bidessodes elongatus

Taxon Treatment

• Miller, K; 2017: A review of the Neotropical genus Bidessodes Régimbart, 1895 including description of four new species (Coleoptera, Adephaga, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Bidessini) ZooKeys, (658): 9-38. doi

Images

Figures 1–20. Bidessodes species. 1–5 Bidessodes chlorus 1 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 2–4 male genitalia 2 median lobe, right lateral aspect 3 median lobe, ventral aspect 4 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 5 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 6 Bidessodes erythros 6 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 7–9 male genitalia 7 median lobe, right lateral aspect 8 median lobe, ventral aspect 9 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 10 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 11 Bidessodes leukus 11 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 12–14 male genitalia 12 median lobe, right lateral aspect 13 median lobe, ventral aspect 14 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 15 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 16 Bidessodes melas 16 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 17 male genitalia 17 median lobe, right lateral aspect 18 median lobe, ventral aspect 19 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 20 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.  Figures 21–40. Bidessodes species. 21–25 Bidessodes acharistus 21 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 22 male genitalia 22 median lobe, right lateral aspect 23 median lobe, ventral aspect 24 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 25 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 26–30 Bidessodes charaxinus 26 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 27 male genitalia 27 median lobe, right lateral aspect 28 median lobe, ventral aspect 29 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 30 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 31–34 Bidessodes demarcoi 31 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 32 male genitalia 32 median lobe, right lateral aspect 33 median lobe, ventral aspect 34 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 35–40 Bidessodes elongatus 35 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 36 male genitalia 36 median lobe, right lateral aspect 37 median lobe, ventral aspect 38 apex of right lateral lobe, apical aspect 39 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 40 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.  Figures 41–60. Bidessodes species. 41–45 Bidessodes evanidus 41 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 42 male genitalia 42 median lobe, right lateral aspect 43 median lobe, ventral aspect 44 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 45 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 46–50 Bidessodes franki 46 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 47 male genitalia 47 median lobe, right lateral 6spect 48 median lobe, ventral aspect 49 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 50 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 51–54 Bidessodes hamadae 51 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 52 male genitalia 52 median lobe, right lateral aspect 53 median lobe, ventral aspect 54 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 55–60 Bidessodes hygrobius 55 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 56 male genitalia 56 median lobe, right lateral aspect 57 median lobe, ventral aspect 58 right lateral lobe apex, apical aspect 59 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 60 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.  Figures 61–81. Bidessodes species. 61–66 Bidessodes jucundus 61 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 62 male genitalia 62 median lobe, right lateral aspect 63 median lobe, ventral aspect 64 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 65 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 66 left mesotrochanter, mesofemur and mesotibia, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 67–71 Bidessodes knischi 67 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 68 male genitalia 68 median lobe, right lateral aspect 69 median lobe, ventral aspect 70 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 71 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 72–76 Bidessodes nessimiani 72 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 73 male genitalia 73 median lobe, right lateral aspect 74 median lobe, ventral aspect 75 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 76 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 77–81 Bidessodes obscuripennis 77 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 78 male genitalia 78 median lobe, right lateral aspect 79 median lobe, ventral aspect 80 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 81 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.  Figures 82–96. Bidessodes species. 82–86 Bidessodes semistriatus 82 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 83 male genitalia 83 median lobe, right lateral aspect 84 median lobe, ventral aspect 85 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 86 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 87–91 Bidessodes subsignatus 87 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 88 male genitalia 88 median lobe, right lateral aspect 89 median lobe, ventral aspect 90 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 91 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 92–96 Bidessodes zimmermanni 92 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 93 male genitalia 93 median lobe, right lateral aspect 94 median lobe, ventral aspect 95 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 96 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.  Figures 97–98. Distributions of Bidessodes species based on examined specimens and published records.  Figures 99–100. Distributions of Bidessodes species based on examined specimens and published records.  Figures 101–102. Distributions of Bidessodes species based on examined specimens and published records.  Figures 103–104. Distributions of Bidessodes species based on examined specimens and published records.