Microporella\according to Martino et al 2021
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Ordo: Cheilostomatida
Familia: Microporellidae
Name
Microporella sp. A – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Examined material
Italy • 1 dead colony fragment consisting of ca. 14 zooids (some incomplete), none fertile; Tyrrhenian Sea, Palinuro Cape, Scaletta submarine cave; sediment sample; 40°1'35"N, 15°16'7"E; 46 m; 14 Sep. 2009; R. Leonardi leg.; scuba diving; PMC Rosso Collection I. H. B.88a.
Description
Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar.
Autozooids irregularly polygonal, rounded, 435–676 (510±80, N = 7) × 255–427 µm (342±68, N = 7) (mean L/W = 1.49), distinct, with interzooidal boundaries marked by a narrow, raised, gymnocystal rim (Fig. 9A). Frontal shield nearly flat to slightly convex, densely and coarsely granular and irregularly pseudoporous; granules 5–25 µm in diameter; 20–30 pseudopores, circular (5–12 μm in diameter), sparse in the proximal two-thirds of the zooid; 4–6 marginal areolae, usually visible at zooidal corners, circular to elliptical (10–40 µm long).
Orifice transversely D-shaped, 90–107 (94±5, N = 10) × 118–143 (132±9, N = 10) µm (mean OL/OW = 0.71; mean ZL/OL = 5.43); hinge-line straight, smooth to slightly crenulated; in each corner a short, blunt, triangular condyle directed distally (Fig. 9B). Oral spine bases four or five, 10–18 µm in diameter, evenly spaced, the proximalmost pair at about one-third of orifice length (Fig. 9B). Ascopore field a narrow, elliptical area of smooth gymnocystal calcification (33–44 × 39–55 μm), placed 22–30 μm below the orifice, slightly depressed relative to the adjacent frontal shield; ascopore opening divided by thin radial septa, usually with a distinct tongue extending proximally from the distal edge (Fig. 9B).
Avicularium single, sometimes absent (two out of 14 zooids without avicularium in the fragment available), 93–123 (107±12, N = 9) × 70–87 (79±6, N = 9) μm (mean AvL/AvW = 1.36), located distolaterally, on either side; crossbar complete; rostrum short, triangular, not channelled, directed distolaterally, sometimes slightly raised distally (Fig. 9A, B). Mandible, ovicells and ancestrula not observed. Subsequent intramural budding observed in avicularia.
Remarks
This species differs from its Mediterranean congeners in having a finely reticulate ascopore but it is left in open nomenclature owing to the availability of a single, infertile colony fragment. Similar ascopores can be found in M. arctica Norman, 1903 from Norway, M. ketchikanensis Dick, Grischenko & Mawatari, 2005 from Alaska, M. santabarbarensis Soule, Chaney & Morris, 2004 from southern California, and M. stellata (Verril, 1879) from Maine, USA. Microporella arctica differs from Microporella sp. A in having a finely granular frontal shield pierced by a greater number of marginal areolae that are always very distinct from pseudopores, in the lack of oral spines, and in having a smooth gymnocystal area laterally and proximally to the orifice that is continuous with the gymnocyst of the ascopore field (Kukliński and Taylor 2008[1]). The ascopores of both M. ketchikanensis and M. santabarbarensis have a similar, delicate cribrate aspect but lack the distal tongue extending from the distal edge (Dick et al. 2005[2]; Soule et al. 2004[3]). Microporella stellata differs in having only two oral spines and a proximal orifice margin with broad, rectangular condyles (Winston et al. 2000[4]).
Distribution and ecology
Presently known only from the Palinuro Peninsula, along the Tyrrhenian coast of Campania (southern Italy). A dead colony was collected from the biogenic muddy sediment covering the floor of a completely dark sector of the Scaletta submarine cave, at 46 m depth where the colony presumably lived.
Taxon Treatment
- Martino, E; Rosso, A; 2021: Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean ZooKeys, 1053: 1-42. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Kukliński P, Taylor P (2008) Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species.Journal of Natural History42(27–28): 1893–1906. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904
- ↑ Dick M, Grischenko A, Mawatari S (2005) Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of Ketchikan, Alaska.Journal of Natural History39(43): 3687–3784. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930500415195
- ↑ Soule D, Chaney H, Morris P (2004) Additional new species of Microporelloides from southern California and American Samoa. Irene McCulloch Foundation Monograph series 6A: 1–14.
- ↑ Winston J, Hayward P, Craig S (2000) Marine bryozoans of the northeast coast of the United States: new and problem species. In: Herrera C Jackson J (Eds) Proceedings of the 11th International Bryozoology Association Conference, Republic of Panama, January 26–31, 1998.Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Republic of Panama, 412–420.
