Trichosiopsis brevipalpa

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Sciaridae
Genus: Trichosiopsis

Name

Trichosiopsis brevipalpa (Mohrig & Menzel, 1992) – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link

  • Trichosia brevipalpa Mohrig & Menzel, 1992[1]: 1-2, fig. 1
  • Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella) brevipalpa (Mohrig & Menzel, 1992)[2]: 60-61, fig. 9

Type material

Holotype: ♂, 09.05.1983, leg. Kampichler no. 207 in PWMP

Type locality

Austria, Hainburger Berge

Further material studied

Czech Republic: 1 ♂, Stirovo (?), damp meadow, Barták, 27.06.1986, PWMP 1603; Estonia: 1 ♂, Puise, Vilkamaa, 13.06.1996, MZH 9192; Finland: 1 ♂, Al, Flaka, Lemland, Tuomikoski, 14.06.1962, MZH 9193; Germany: 4 ♂, Baden-Württemberg, Belchen, Malaise trap, Doczkal, 7.-28.05.2003, PKHH 5014, PDDM 136, PASS 113, ZMSC 2287; 1 ♂, Sandweier, Niederwald, Huteeichen im Sandrasen, Malaise trap, Doczkal, 1.-13.05.2006, PKHH 5204; 1 ♂, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Palinger Heide, Kiefernwald, sweep netting, Heller, 20.05.2001, PKHH 3419; 1 ♂, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Köln-Immendorf, Garten, Malaise trap, Franzen, 2.-09.05.1989, PKHH 12603 ♂, 18.-25.04.1989, PKHH 1256-1258; 1 ♂, Köln-Poll, Malaise trap, Franzen, 24.4.-01.05.1990, PKHH 2922; 1 ♂, 7.-14.05.1991, PKHH 2987; 1 ♂, 7.-14.05.2002, ZMSC 2126; 1 ♂, Rhineland-Palatine, Gönnersdorf, Eifel, Mäuerchenberg Trockenrasen, Malaise trap, Cölln, 18.-25.05.1991, PKHH 1858; 1 ♂, Streuobstwiese, Malaise trap, Cölln, 30.4.-07.05.1994, PKHH 1900; 1 ♂, Kirchheimbolanden, NSG Albertskreuz, Malaise trap, Doczkal, 11.4.-02.05.2002, PKHH 5094; 1 ♂, Schleswig-Holstein, Lister Ellenbogen, Sylt, Dünen, sweep netting, Heller, 02.05.2005, PKHH 4345; 1 ♂, Weißenhäuser Strand, Dünenbereich, sweep netting, Heller, 02.06.1996, PKHH 1494; Hungary: 1 ♂, Szilvasvarad, Heves, Galium-Fagaceen Wald, sweep netting, Rulik, 21.05.1998, PWMP 1652; Italy: 5 ♂, Entraque, Trockenhänge mit Buche, Eiche, Birke, sweep netting, Röschmann, 29.05.1992, PWMP 1598-1602; Slovakia: 1 ♂, Ivanka pri Dunaji, Obstgarten, Kozanek, 22.04.1992, PKHH 621; Spain: 1 ♂, Retuerta de Pina near Zaragoza, Juniperus thurifera Wald, Malaise trap, Blasco-Zumeta, 11.11.1990, PKHH 6878; 1 ♂, 17.10.1990, PKHH 6879; Sweden: 1 ♂, Småland, Bäckebo, Grytsjöns naturreservat, Old aspen forest in boulder terrain, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 18.5.-15.06.2006, PKHH 6779; 6 ♂, Öland, Skogsby, Gamla Skogsby (Kalkstad) "diversitetsängen", meadow with bushes, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 20.5.-28.06.2006, PKHH 6594, NHRS 2363/2455/2626-2628.

Description (male)

Head. Eye bridge 4 rows of facets. LW-index of 4th antennal flagellar segment 1.9–2.3; neck 0.25–0.358 of segment width; Transition of basal part to neck pronounced. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal hairs shorter than segment width, or as long as segment width; sparse; salient. Palps darkened; normal; palpomeres 3. First palpomere of normal shape; with 3–4 bristles; with only some sparse sensillae. Second palpomere shortly oval. Third palpomere as long as first segment. Thorax. Colour brown. Notum unicolorous. Thoracic setae long and strong; dark. Mesonotum with some weaker central bristles. Posterior pronotum setose. Postpronotal setae 1–4; fine. Laterotergite bare. Legs. Colour yellow-brown, or brown. Hind coxae of same colour as femora. Hairs on fore coxae bright. Front tibia apically with a patch of setae. Front tibial organ dark. Front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs weak, inconspicuous, or normal, shorter than tibial width. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. Wings. Wings slightly darkened; of normal shape. Wing membrane without macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint m-base. M-fork of normal shape. R1 inserting clearly before base of m-fork; posterior veins with macrotrichia; stM with a few macrotrichia, or bare; cuA1 and cuA2 mainly with macrotrichia; bM bare; r-m bare; bM:r-M 0.95–1.15; st-Cu:bM 0.4–0.52; r1:r 0.8–0.94; C:w 0.57–0.68. Halteres dark; of normal length. Abdomen. Abdominal setae weak; dorsally dark; ventrally of different colour, or white. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; 0.51–0.65 × longer than wide. Base of gonocoxites with normal, weak hairs; gonocoxites narrowly separated; inner margin of gonocoxites normally U-shaped; inner part of hypopygium scarcely setose; elongated setae on valves of hypopygium absent. Gonostylus elongate; 2–2.3 × longer than wide; Inner margin straight, or concave; apex equally rounded, or bulbous. Apical tooth present; 1.95–2.22 × longer than broad; strong, or normal. Awl-like setae long; on inner side of gonostyles present apically. Megasetae on inner part of gonostylus absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.6–0.8 × longer than broad; rectangular with rounded edges; normal; Central process absent. Length of aedeagus/hypopygium 22–32 %; Aeadeagal apical structure present. Measurements. Body size 2.7–3.1 mm. Hind tibia 1.05–1.25 mm. Wing length 2–2.4 mm.

Diagnosis

Leptosciarella brevipalpa is a small, dark species like Trichosiopsis finjae and Trichosiopsis melanoma. Unlike these it has white hairs on the front coxae and apically rounded gonostylus. It is not to confuse with any other known species by the typical backwards directed hairs at the top of the gonostyles.

DNA Barcoding

The COI sequence is assigned to BIN BOLD:ACS5227. (average distance 0.43%, max.0.85%, n=10, K2P: 10.23%)

Discussion

By the rounded gonostylus this species belongs to the Trichosiopsis viatica group. The scarce macrotrichia on the posterior wing veins and the long awl-like setae lead over to the species without macrotrichia such as Trichosiopsis claviforceps.

Etymology

lat. brevis = short; making reference to the short palpi.

Ecology

Trichosiopsis brevipalpa is not very common, but widespread in Europe. Is is apparently a species, which prefers dry and sandy habitats like dunes, heather and dry grassland.

Distribution

Austria[1][2], Czech Republic[3], Estonia, Finland[4], France[5], Germany[2][6][7], Great Britain[8], Hungary[9], Italy[10], Norway[11], Slovakia[2], Spain[12], Sweden[13].

Images

Figure 1. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, habitus, scale 1 mm
Figure 1. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, habitus, scale 1 mm 
Figure 2. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 2. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 3. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm
Figure 3. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 4. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, gonostylus (dorsal view), scale 0.1 mm
Figure 4. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, gonostylus (dorsal view), scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 5. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 5. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 6. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 6. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 7. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, palpus, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 7. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, palpus, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 8. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, wing, scale 1 mm
Figure 8. Trichosiopsis brevipalpa male, wing, scale 1 mm 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mohrig, W.; Menzel, F. 1992: Neue Arten europäischer Trauermücken (Diptera, Sciaridae). An International Journal of Dipterological Research, 3(1-2), 1–16.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Mohrig, W.; Menzel, F. 1997: Revision der paläarktischen Arten von Trichosia Winnertz sensu Tuomikoski, 1960 (Diptera, Sciaridae). – Teil II. Gattungen Leptosciarella Tuomikoski, 1960 und Trichodapus gen. nov. Studia dipterologica, 4(1), 41–98.
  3. ↑ Menzel, F.; Mohrig, W.; Barták, J. 2000: Sciaridae. In: J. Vanhara & M. Barták (Eds.), Diptera in an industrially affected region (North-Western Bohemia, Bilina and Duchcov Environs), I, Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis (104). pp. 73-81.
  4. ↑ Vilkamaa, P.; Heller, K.; Hippa, H. 2013: New species of Sciaridae (Diptera) to the Finnish fauna. Sahlbergia, 19(1–2), 20–29.
  5. ↑ Frank, J.; Menzel, F.; Dettner, K. 2005: Black Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) collected at cantharidin baits in southern and central Europe. Studia dipterologica, 11, 359-368.
  6. ↑ Heller, K. 1999: Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) von Gönnersdorf (Kr. Daun). Beiträge zur Insektenfauna der Eifeldorfer 20. Dendrocopos, 26, 249-262.
  7. ↑ Heller, K. 2004: Eine Bestandsaufnahme der Sciaridae (Diptera) Schleswig-Holsteins mit Ergänzungen und Korrekturen zum bisher bekannten Arteninventar. Faunistisch-Ökologische Mitteilungen, 8, 233–257.
  8. ↑ Menzel, F.; Smith, J.E.; Chandler, P. 2006: The sciarid fauna of the British Isles (Diptera: Sciaridae), including descriptions of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146, 1-147. PDF
  9. ↑ Rulik, B.; Mohrig, W.; Jaschhof, M. 2001: Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) und freilebende Gallmücken (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Lestremiinae) aus Ungarn. Mit Bemerkungen zur Corynoptera tridentata-Gruppe. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 62, 231-245.
  10. ↑ Röschmann, F.; Mohrig, W. 1993: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Trauermücken der Alpenländer. Teil II: erste Sciaridenfunde aus den Italienischen Meeralpen (Alpes Maritimus). (Diptera, Sciaridae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 80, 389-402. PDF
  11. ↑ GBIF Trichosiopsis brevipalpa
  12. ↑ Mohrig, W.; Blasco-Zumeta, J. 1996: The sciarid fauna (Diptera, Sciaridae) of a Juniperus thurifera L. forest of the Monegros region (Zaragoza, Spain) with description of ten new species. Miscellania Zoologica, 18, 99–116.
  13. ↑ Heller, K.; Vilkamaa, P.; Hippa, H. 2009: An annotated check list of Swedish black fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae). Sahlbergia, 15(1), 23-51.
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