Ophiostigma isocanthum
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Ordo: Ophiurida
Familia: Amphiuridae
Genus: Ophiostigma
Name
Ophiostigma isocanthum (Say, 1825) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Description
Disk circular to pentagonal (dd = 1.58 to 3.31 mm). Covered by small blunt tubercles (Fig. 7f). Some large and blunt tubercles distributed in the interradius, usually near the radial shields. Radial shields small (Fig. 7f, h). Ventral interradius covered by short and blunt tubercles similar to the dorsal ones (Fig. 7g). Bursal slits narrow and long. Oral shields fan-shape (Fig. 7i). Adoral shields united proximally and almost touching the adoral shield of the neighbouring jaw along median arm line (Fig. 7i). Two oral papillae on each side of jaw angle, distal operculate, closing oral slit (Fig. 7i). Dorsal arm plate with proximal margin rounded and distal margin straight (Fig. 7j). Ventral arm plate pentagonal, long. Three conical arm spines (Fig. 7l). Two elongate tentacle scale (Fig. 7l).
Distribution
Bermuda, North Carolina to Florida and the island off southern Florida, Texas offshore reefs, the Bahamas, the Antilles, Mexican Caribbean, Panama, Colombia and islands off Caribbean, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil (Hendler et al. 1995[1], Chavarro et al. 2004[2], Laguarda-Figueras et al. 2004[3], Durán-Gonzáles et al. 2005[4], Borrero-Pérez et al. 2008[5]). In Brazil from Pará, Ceará, Paraíba (Albuquerque 1986[6]), Pernambuco (Lima and Fernandes 2009[7]), Alagoas (Albuquerque 1986[6]), Bahia (Magalhães et al. 2005[8]), and Rio de Janeiro (Rathbun 1879[9]). Intertidal to 244 m in depth. Recorded from 14 to 34 m in this study.
Remarks
This species rarely exceeds 7 mm in disk diameter (H.L. Clark 1933[10]). It lives on rocky bottoms, on or in fine sediment, among shell, corals, calcareous algae, under sponges (Tommasi 1970[11], Hendler 1995, Manso et al. 2008[12]), and among the roots of seagrasses (Thomas 1962[13]). This is a cryptic species that hides by burrowing into the sediment. Individuals with 1mm in disk diameter may already have mature gonads (Hendler et al. 1995[1]). In specimens having the disc in the process of regenerating, only small granules were observed distributed over the whole disc, the large granules being absent from the inter-radial regions.
Taxon Treatment
- Gondim, A; Alonso, C; Dias, T; Manso, C; Christoffersen, M; 2013: A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraíba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil ZooKeys, 307: 45-96. doi
Other References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hendler G, Miller J, Pawson D, Kier P (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp.
- ↑ Chavarro S, Zea S, Manuel D (2004) Esponjas y otros microhábitats de ofiuros (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata) em ambientes arrecifales del Archipiélago de San Bernardo (Caribe Colombiano). Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras 33: 27-46.
- ↑ Laguarda-Figueras A, Abreu-Pérez M, Torres-Vega J, Solís-Marín F, Durán-González A (2004) Ofiuróideos (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) del Caribe Mexicano: Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México. Avicennia 17: 13-34.
- ↑ Durán-González A, Laguarda-Figueras A, Solís-Marín F, Sánchez B, Ahearn C, Torres-Vega J (2005) Echinoderms (Echinodermata) from the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53: 53-68.
- ↑ Borrero-Pérez G, Benavides-Serrato M, Solano O, Navas G (2008) Brittle-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the continental shelf and upper slope of the Colombian Caribbean. Revista de Biologia Tropical 56: 169-204.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Albuquerque M (1986) Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata) da plataforma continental do norte e nordeste brasileiro. PhD thesis, São Paulo: University of São Paulo.
- ↑ Lima E, Fernandes M (2009) Diversidade de equinodermos (Echinodermata) no Estado de Pernambuco (Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Zoociências 11: 55-63.
- ↑ Magalhães W, Martins L, Alves O (2005) Inventário dos Echinodermata do Estado da Bahia. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology 9: 61-65.
- ↑ Rathbun R (1879) A list of the Brazilian echinoderms, with notes on their distribution. Transactions Academy of Arts and Science 5: 139-158.
- ↑ Clark H (1933) A handbook of the littoral echinoderms of Porto Rico and other West Indian Islands. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands 16: 1-147.
- ↑ Tommasi L (1970) Os ofiuróides recentes do Brasil e de regiões vizinhas. Contribuições do Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo Série Oceanografia Biológica 20: 1–146. doi: 10.1590/S0373-55241971000100001
- ↑ Manso C, Alves O, Martins L (2008) Echinodermata da Baía de Todos os Santos e da Baía de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica 8: 179–196. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v8n3/pt/abstract?article=bn02208032008, doi: 10.1590/S1676-06032008000300017
- ↑ Thomas L (1962) The shallow water Amphiurid brittle stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean 12: 623-694.
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