Eisenia fetida
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Ordo: Oligochaeta
Familia: Lumbricidae
Genus: Eisenia
Name
Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) species-complex. s. Blakemore (2010) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Note
Eisenia fetidais the earliest representative of the genus, originally Enterion fetidum Savigny, 1826: 182 (type locality Paris; types in Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris according to Stöp-Bowitz, 1969: 172); its 15 progressive synonyms, lastly including Eisenia andrei andrei Bouché, 1972: 381 (with types in Sully, France, OECO79-1388-4321), are fully presented in Blakemore (2008a[1], 2010[2], 2012[3], 2013a[4], b[5]).
Material examined
Puce, semi-mature specimen S1 from Hamdeok Sewoobyong beach, Jeju Island, collected 15th Feb., 2012 by RJB NIBRIV0000249915 (dissected and figured, Fig. 1, providing DNA sample WM18 – nil results, resampled as WO12 and as w11 to recheck); S2 mature, posterior amputee specimen with same collection data. S3-4 two uniformly pale Jeju specimens, collected 16th Feb., 2012 by RJB (one posterior amputee dissected and figured, Fig. 1, providing DNA WO7 that was mixed in the genetics laboratory, resampled as w62 with data pending). S5 is a single deep-red, very weakly striped mature from Gangreung, Yongok stream, eastern S. Korea collected 4th April, 2012 by RJB (IV0000249930 providing DNA sample WO18 – see Appendix 1). Three matures, pale with pink clitella, S6-8 from Incheon, Seo-gu, Gyeongseo-dong, 20th April, 2000 (IV0000215368 mislabeled as “Perionyx excavatus”; note other Perionyx excavatus Perrier, 1872 proper confirmed in NIBR collection). Eight mature specimens, darkly striped with pale intersegments, otherwise compliant (IV0000261280 labeled “20110609//5/A” their jar also contains four Amynthas sp.). Other NIBR specimens labeled “E. foetida” e.g., IV0000213769/214062, were not inspected here.
Description of current specimens
Body not especially flattened. Lengths 50-80 mm, segments 110–140. First dorsal pore small in 3/4, open from 4/5 onwards. Setae closely paired, ab slightly tumid in some or all of 9-12, 22, 23 and 25,26-32; distinctly paler around cd in just 9 or in some of 9-11,12. Dorsum to below c lines a reddish or pinky puce (sometimes much darker or much paler); ventrum pale with clitellum darker buff, saddle-shaped in 24,25,26,27-31,32,33. TP ½28,28-½31,31. Spermathecae nearly mid-dorsum in 9/10/11. Female pores small on 14 lateral to b. Male pores in slightly tumid pads on 15 lateral of b setae. Nephropores visible sporadically intersegmentally above b lines (alternatively in d?).
Internally, spermathecae spherical in 9 & 10. Testis small in 10 & 11, seminal vesicles in 9–12. Last hearts in 11. Calciferous glands annular in 11 & 12. Ovaries in 13. Nephridia sausage-shaped. Crop in 16 and gizzard large in 17-18, with intestine proper after 19; a low, wide typhlosole present from about 26.
Remarks: The Jeju specimens lack the supposedly characteristic broad striped appearance while specimen S5 is brick red (mtDNA barcodes show 99% agreement). It seems remarkable that S3-4 would agree as they lack pigment. Other specimens with much darker, almost black, segments and contrasting paler intersegment also comply superficially. The whole species-complex requires evaluation with consideration of ICZN compliance as noted in the Discussion.
Taxon Treatment
- Blakemore, R; 2013: Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia ) ZooKeys, 285: 1-21. doi
Other References
- ↑ Blakemore R (2008a) An updated list of valid, invalid and synonymous names of Criodriloidea and Lumbricoidea (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae, Sparganophilidae, Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Lumbricidae, Lutodrilidae). Chapter 10 in: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World. Online: http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/Lumbricidae.pdf
- ↑ Blakemore R (2010) Cosmopolitan Earthworms – an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Peregrine Species of the World. 4th Edn. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph, pp. 750.
- ↑ Blakemore R (2012a) On Schmarda’s lost worm and some newly found New Zealand species. Journal of Species Research 1(2): 105–132. http://www.nibr.go.kr/english/event/journal_spe_3.jsp
- ↑ Blakemore R (2013a) Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta : Megadrilacea) – Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15-54.
- ↑ Blakemore R (2013b) Ulleung-do Earthworms - Dagelet Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 55-69.
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