Difference between revisions of "Euglossa clausi"

Latest revision as of 07:57, 21 September 2012

Taxonavigation

Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Apidae
Genus: Euglossa

Name

Euglossa clausi Nemésio & Engel, 2012 sp. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile

Holotype

♂, with the following data: “Euglossini do PERD, Pq. E. Rio Doce, 3859-11105” and “Marliéria, MG, Brasil, 04/07/1999, A. Nemésio” (UFMG). Details of the type locality are: Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (19°43'S, 42°34'W; 200 m a.s.l.), in the municipality of Marliéria, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil.

Paratypes

3♂♂, with the following label data: “Euglossini do PERD, Pq. E. Rio Doce, 3859-11106” and “Marliéria, MG, Brasil, 04/07/1999, A. Nemésio”; “idem, 3872-11131” and “idem” (UFMG); “idem, 3876-11137” and “idem” (UFMG). 1♂, “Brazil, E. Santo, No. Linhares, 12.xi.1968, R.L. Dressler” (FMNH). 1♂, “Brazil, Bahia, Res. Mte. Pascoal, 8.xi.1968, R.L. Dressler” (FMNH). 1♂, “Brazil, E. Santo, Conceicao da Barra, 10.xi.1968, R.L. Dressler” (FMNH). 1♂, “Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, 19.vi.1971, H. Kennedy, cineole” (SEMC). 1♂, “Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, 6.xi.1968, R.L. Dressler” (SEMC).

Diagnosis

Euglossa clausi can be distinguished readily from both Euglossa crassipunctata and Euglossa sapphirina owing to its larger size (ca. 15% larger than both species), and a combination of integumental coloration that exactly matches neither of the aforementioned species (and for this reason has been confused with both: vide Nemésio 2009^[1]: 85–87). The paraocular ivory markings in Euglossa clausi are wider below (Fig. 3) than in both Euglossa crassipunctata and Euglossa sapphirina. The metatibia and sterna (Figs 1, 6) are blue, contrasting the otherwise green metasoma, a color combination not found in Euglossa crassipunctata (green metasoma, including the sterna, and metatibia) and Euglossa sapphirina (blue throughout). The apical setae of S7 of Euglossa clausi are distributed throughout the invaginated section and the posterolateral projections of the anterior section of S8 angled but not prominent, instead being more strongly developed in Euglossa moratoi (Figs 7, 8), as is the development of the basolateral projections of the posterior section. The gonostylus of Euglossa clausi is more straight or even slightly downcurved (Figs 9–11), relative to that of Euglossa moratoi (Figs 23–25), and both differ from the terminalia of Euglossa crassipunctata (Figs 12–15).

Description

♂: Body length ca. 10.0 mm; forewing length ca. 7.7 mm; head width 4.4 mm; interorbital distance at level of antennal sockets 2.5 mm; maximum interorbital distance 2.7 mm; labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching tip of body; scape length 0.8 mm; compound eye length 2.7 mm; mesoscutellum width 2.5 mm, length 1.2 mm; abdominal width 4.2 mm.
Coloration and vestiture: Clypeus and upper frons dark blue, remainder of head greenish-blue (Fig. 3); ivory paraocular markings well developed, reaching malar area, wider below; anterior surface of antennal scape black with very minute ivory marking in some specimens (including holotype); mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and metasoma bluish-green (Figs 1, 2). Wing membranes lightly infumate. Pubescence very sparse, predominantly fulvous setae on metasoma and around antennal sockets, black and fulvous setae on mesosoma, black setae especially on mesoscutum (compared to predominantly fulvous setae in Euglossa moratoi). Protibia and probasitarsus fringed with dense fulvous setae; velvet area occupying all ventral surface of mesotibia, posterior mesotibial tuft approximately one-third size of anterior tuft, almost an isosceles triangle in shape, merging with anterior tuft; anterior mesotibial tuft oval, about three times larger than posterior tuft (Figs 4, 5); metatibia oblong-rhomboid, inflated (Fig. 6).
Punctation: Mesoscutum with punctation separated by a puncture width or less, with large circular punctures; punctures on mesoscutellum sparser than on mesoscutum medioposteriorly, separated there by a puncture width or greater, with larger circular punctures. Punctation on discal base of T1 with large circular punctures of roughly same size more clearly defined medially than in other species and separated by less than a puncture width; punctures of T1–T6 dense, comprised of minute circular punctures; punctures on T7 sparser than on preceding terga, with large circular punctures; S2 with small, widely-separated tufts.
Terminalia: Male terminalia as in figures 7–11. S7 slightly invaginated mesally, forming a shallow incision with converging sides forming angle of ~110°, lateral sections faintly curved; apical setae throughout invaginated section, comprising seven alveoli (with one seta each) on each side; notospiculum weak, slightly divided apically, posterolateral projections of anterior section weak, not prominent; posterior section triangular, sharply pointed, with basolateral points not as sharply developed as in Euglossa moratoi, slightly more rounded; anterior-most section of gonobase projected ventrally, forming angle of ~100° with remainder of ventral edge; gonostylus simple (‘type V’ of Ospina-Torres et al. 2006^[2]), lateral lobe pointed and slightly curved downwards; gonostylar setae long throughout; dorsal process of gonocoxa well developed, apical process evenly rounded laterally.
♀: Unknown.

Etymology

The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Dr. Claus Rasmussen, noted corbiculate bee biologist and systematist, in recognition of his years of kind collegiality.

Baits

Specimens of this species have been collected mostly from baits of cineole and vanillin, while a few specimens were collected from skatole.

Geographic distribution

Euglossa clausi sp. n. is a widespread bee in the Atlantic forest. Males have been collected from the state of Pernambuco in the north, to the northern portion of the state of São Paulo in the south (vide Nemésio 2009^[1]: 115 for specific locations where this species has been recorded).

Comments

Specimens of this species had been labeled in collections under the nomen nudum “cyanifrons”. It may be that additional material is located in other institutions under this name. In addition, individuals of this species were treated in the literature as Euglossa sapphirina (Tonhasca et al. 2002a^[3], 2002b^[4], 2003^[5]; Neves and Viana 2003^[6]; Nemésio and Silveira 2006^[7], 2007^[8]) or Euglossa crassipunctata (Milet-Pinheiro and Schlindwein 2005^[9]; Moura and Schlindwein 2009^[10]; Nemésio 2009^[1], 2010b^[11], 2011a^[12], 2011b^[13]).

Original Description

• Nemésio, A; Engel, M; 2012: Three new cryptic species of Euglossa from Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae) ZooKeys, 222: 47-68. doi

Other References

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2} Nemésio A (2009) Orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa 2041: 1-242.
2. ↑ Ospina-Torres R, Parra-H A, Gonzalez V (2006) The male gonostylus of the orchid bee genus Euglossa (Apidae: Euglossini). Zootaxa 1320: 49-55.
3. ↑ Tonhasca A, Blackmer J, Albuquerque G (2002a) Abundance and diversity of euglossine bees in the fragmented landscape of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biotropica 34(3): 416–422.
4. ↑ Tonhasca A, Blackmer J, Albuquerque G (2002b) Within-habitat heterogeneity of euglossine bee populations: A re-evaluation of the evidence. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18 (6): 929-933.
5. ↑ Tonhasca A, Albuquerque G, Blackmer J (2003) Dispersal of euglossine bees between fragments of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 19 (1): 99-102.
6. ↑ Neves E, Viana B (2003) A fauna de abelhas da subtribo Euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) do estado da Bahia, Brasil. In: Melo G Alves-dos-Santos I (Eds) Apoidea Neotropica: Homenagem aos 90 Anos de Jesus Santiago Moure. Editora UNESC [Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense], Criciúma, 223–229. [total volume xvi+320 pp.]
7. ↑ Nemésio A, Silveira F (2006a) Edge effects on the orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) at a large remnant of Atlantic rain forest in southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 35 (3): 313-323. doi: 10.1590/S1519-566X2006000300004
8. ↑ Nemésio A, Silveira F (2007) Diversity and distribution of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) with a revised checklist of their species. Biogeographic and taxonomic implications. Neotropical Entomology 36 (6): 874-888.
9. ↑ Milet-Pinheiro P, Schlindwein C (2005) Do euglossine males (Apidae, Euglossini) leave tropical rainforest to collect fragrances in sugarcane monocultures? Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 22(4): 853–858. doi: 10.1590/S0101-81752005000400008
10. ↑ Moura D, Schlindwein C (2009) Mata ciliar do rio São Francisco como biocorredor para Euglossini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) de florestas tropicais úmidas. Neotropical Entomology 38 (2): 281-284. doi: 10.1590/S1519-566X2009000200018
11. ↑ Nemésio A (2010b) The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of a forest remnant in northeastern Brazil, with new geographic records and an identification key to the known species of the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 2656: 55-66.
12. ↑ Nemésio A (2011a) The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of a forest remnant in southern Bahia, Brazil, with new geographic records and an identification key to the known species of the area. Zootaxa 2821: 47-54.
13. ↑ Nemésio A (2011b) Euglossa marianae sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Apidae): A new orchid bee from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the possible first documented local extinction of a forest-dependent orchid bee. Zootaxa 2892: 59-68.

Images

Figures 1–3. Photomicrographs of paratype male of Euglossa clausi Nemésio and Engel, sp. n. 1 Lateral habitus 2 Dorsal habitus (arrow points to rounded pronotal angle) 3 Facial aspect.  Figures 4–6. Tibial characters of Euglossa clausi Nemésio and Engel, sp. n. 4 Outer surface of mesotibia 5 Detail of mesotibial tufts 6 Outer surface of metatibia.  Figures 7–11. Male terminalia of Euglossa clausi Nemésio and Engel, sp. n. 7 Seventh metasomal sternum 8 Eighth sternum (note that relative proportions of the anterior section to the posterior section may be distorted owing to position of sclerite when photographed) 9 Genital capsule, dorsal view 10 Genital capsule, lateral view 11 Genital capsule, ventral view.  Figures 12–15. Male terminalia of Euglossa crassipunctata Moure. 12 Eighth metasomal sternum (note that relative proportions of the anterior section to the posterior section may be distorted owing to position of sclerite when photographed) 13 Genital capsule, dorsal view 14 Genital capsule, lateral view 15 Genital capsule, ventral view.  Figures 22–25. Male terminalia of Euglossa moratoi Nemésio and Engel, sp. n. 22 Eighth metasomal sternum (note that relative proportions of the anterior section to the posterior section may be distorted owing to position of sclerite when photographed) 23 Genital capsule, dorsal view 24 Genital capsule, lateral view 25 Genital capsule, ventral view.