Difference between revisions of "Cyphoderus caetetus"
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| − | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material. H o | + | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material. H o l otype ma l e on s l ide 6146, Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 51 ' 16,7 "S 32 ° 26 ' 30 "W), Sancho Beach, forest l eaf l itter, 31.vii. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, A.S. Ferreira. H o l otype deposited at the Coleção de Referência de Fauna de Solo, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (CRFS-UEPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba |
| − | + | Paratype juv., Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 50 ' 59 "S 32 ° 26 ' 16 "W), Cacimba do Padre Beach, l eaf l itter on the s l ope, 25.VII. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, A.S. Ferreira (s l ide 6551). Paratype deposited at CRFS-UEPB: | |
| − | + | Paratype adu l t, Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 50 ' 45 "S 32 ° 25 ' 43 "W), Bo l dró Beach, forest l eaf l itter, 20.vii. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, D. Zeppelini (s l ide 6550). Paratype deposited at Museu Naciona l da Universidade Federa l do Rio de Janeiro (MNURFJ). | |
| − | Other material. Adu | + | Other material. Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro (43 ° 24 ' 9 "W 18 ° 57 ' 25 "S), Cavity CSF- 18, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 6048). |
| − | Juv., | + | Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Morro do Pilar (43 ° 20 ' 44 "W 19 ° 5 ' 34 "S), Cavity SERP- 56, 23.vii. 2013, l eg. Soares et al. (s l ide 5003). |
| − | Juv., | + | Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito (43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5933). |
| − | Adu | + | Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito (43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5937). |
| − | Adu | + | Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito(43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5936). |
| − | Juv., | + | Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Morro do Pilar (43 ° 20 ' 44 "W 19 ° 5 ' 34 "S), Cavity SERP- 56, 23.vii. 2013, l eg. Soares et al. (s l ide 5000). |
| − | Adu | + | Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro (43 ° 23 ' 38 "W 19 ° 51 ' 8 "S) Cavity CSF- 12, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 6046). |
| − | Adu | + | Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Santa Barbara (43 ° 40 ' 58 "W 20 ° 2 '0.0"S), Cavity Ga l eria 04,16- 17.i. 2013, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 3352). |
| − | Mou | + | Mou l ting juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Caeté, 21.v. 2013, l eg. BIOESPELEO team (s l ide 3759). |
| − | Juv., | + | Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Cavity CSF- 12, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE et al. (s l ide 6044). |
| − | Adu | + | Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Santa Barbara (43 ° 40 ' 53 "W 20 ° 1 ' 38 "S), Cavity IV/Apo l o, 07.ii. 2012, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 1789). |
| − | Juv., | + | Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Rio Acima, (43 ° 49 ' 36 "W 20 ° 9 ' 46 "S), Cavity VG-03, 02- 10.viii. 2011, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 4602).}} |
| − | {{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description. Tota | + | {{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description. Tota l l ength of adu l t about1.5 mm. Habitus typical entomobryid (Fig. 2), pigment and eyes absent. |
| − | + | Antennae shorter than body (Fig. 2), Ant. IV ova l, not annu l ated, l ength 2.8x Ant. III l ength, apica l bulb absent (Fig. 3). Ant. III apica l organ with five sense rods, two interna l, two media l and close together, one lateral; five brist l e- l ike sensi ll a and two finely ciliated microsetae (Figs 4 - 5). Ant. II bearing an apica l organ (Fig. 6) with three sense rods, one acuminate sensillum and five finely ciliated microsetae (Fig. 7). Ant. I with ciliated micro and mesosetae (Fig. 8). Head dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 9) with six macrosetae in An series; five mesosetae in A series (A0-A 1 unpaired, A 2 -A 3 -A 5 paired); M 1 -M 4, S0-S 2 -S 3 -S 4 -S 5 i -S 5, Ps 2 and Ps 5 present in medio-oce ll ar to post-sutura l areas; posterior setae Pa 2, Pa 3, Pa 5,Pa 6 (bothriotrix), Pm 3, Pp 1, Pp 4 and Pp 5 present. C l ypeus with one pair of pseudopores, c l ypeo- l abrum with amp seta numbers of 4,5, and 6 smooth setae, respective l y (Fig. 10). | |
| − | Maxi | + | Maxi ll ary pa l ps with smooth apica l and basal setae. Labia l triang l e formu l a A 1 - 4,M 1 - 2,r,E,L 1 - 2; a ll setae ciliated, r seta norma l in size. Setae a long ventra l groove ciliated (Fig. 11). |
| − | + | Macrosetae on segments Th.II to Abd.IV as 0,0/0,2,5,2+ 3. Body chaetotaxy (Fig. 12), anterior edge of Th.II with a co ll ar of two or three rows of ciliated, capitated macrosetae. Th.II with a 1 - 5, m 2 - 3 and mp 3, and p 1 i,p 1 - 6. Th.III with a 2, a 6, m 2 - 5 and p 1 - 3. Abd.I with five setae (a 6, m 2 - 5) and one microseta (as). Abd.II with bothriotricha a 5 and m 2 surrounded by 4 and 2 fan-shaped setae, respective l y. M 3 - 5 macrosetae, a 6 - 7, am 6, m 6 - 7 and p 6 - 7 mesosetae. Abd. III bothriotricha a 5, m 2, m 5 surrounded by 3, 3 and 2 fan-shaped setae respective l y; m 6, pm 6 and p 3, 6 - 7 macrosetae, four mesosetae present (a 6 - 7, am 6 and m 7), microseta 'as ' present, macroseta m 3 absent. Abd.IV bothriotricha T 2, T 4 and D 3 p surrounded by 3, 2 and 0 fan-shaped setae respective l y; A 3 with accessory sensillum, A 1 accessory sensillum absent. B 4 - 5, D 3, E 2, E 4 and 7postero-lateral macrosetae present, posterior row of setae at the dista l edge of Abd. IV reduced in number (3 mesosetae), two pseudopores present on the posterior edge of the segment. | |
| − | + | Chaetotaxy of coxae, trochanters and femora shown in Figs 13 - 16. Trochanteral organ with 18 setae arranged in V, five additional setae grouped in field basal to V- group (Fig. 15). Tibiotarsus with large, stout, spatu l ate tenent hair. Unguis I with unpaired tooth at the dista l third, ungues II and III with one or two unpaired teeth. Large, l ame ll ate, paired tooth present at the base of a ll ungues, as typical for the genus. Unguicu l i large, l ength about twothirds that of the unguis l ength, with strong l ame ll ate outer tooth (Fig. 17). | |
| − | Co | + | Co ll ophore with 2 + 2ciliated macrosetae a long ventra l groove, each side with six ciliated apica l mesosetae, posterior surface with one ciliated macroseta, five ciliated mesosetae, and four minute peg- l ike sensi ll a on each side (Fig. 18). |
| − | Manubrium 1.3x as | + | Manubrium 1.3x as long as dens, pseudopores absent. Dens 1.9x as long as mucro (1.74 to 1.94), dorsa ll y with two rows of setae; media l row with four basal ciliated setae and four dista l feathered setae, externa l row with 6ciliated and one smooth setae interca l ated near the base of feathered setae. Two large apica l scales s l ight l y shorter than mucro (mucro/sca l e in ho l otype 1.0 2, average 1.16). Mucro of adults usually with 10 teeth (range 8-12) in outer lamella, some individuals with tooth in the media l lamella reaching or near l y reaching mucro tip; juveni l es with 5-8 teeth (Fig. 19).}} |
| − | {{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Etymology. | + | {{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Etymology. The species name is derived from the Tupy-Guarani word "Caitétu", meaning "with sharp teeth".}} |
| − | {{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. | + | {{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. The species is the first of the ' multidentati ' group known from Brazil. The new species can be easi l y recognized by the number of teeth in the mucro of the adu l t, the number of scales on dens, the presence of 12 macrosetae on Abd. IV, the reduction of the posterior row of setae on Abd. IV to three mesosetae and the absence of accessory A 1sensillum, always present in Neotropica l {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus agnotus|''C. agnotus''}}, {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus javanus|''C. javanus''}}, {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus similis|''C. similis''}}, {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus innominatus|''C. innominatus''}} (persona l observation). The new species can be differentiated from the most similar species, {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus multidentatus|''C. multidentatus''}} Delamare from Africa, by the presence of 7 setae in the externa l row, close to the feathered setae on dens.}} |
| − | {{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution and habitat.{{Taxon name|Cyphoderus caetetus|''Cyphoderus caetetus''}} sp.nov. is known from | + | {{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution and habitat.{{Taxon name|Cyphoderus caetetus|''Cyphoderus caetetus''}} sp.nov. is known from Fernando de Noronha, an oceanic archipe l ago380km from the Brazil ian coast, and is also known from southeastern (Minas Gerais State) to northeastern (Paraiba State) Brazil. The species is found in a wide range of habitats inc l uding sea turt l e nests inside the egg chamber, iron caves over organic matter and water fi l m, and l eaf l itter of tropica l forest near the coast. The c l imate according to Köppen 's system (Köppen 1936; Kottek et al.2006), ranges from Cwa (dry winters and rainy summers due to tropica l instabi l ity) to [[As]] (rainy winter l ess than 500 mm /year, dry summers). The species was not found in the northern region, inc l uding in iron caves in Amazonia; apparent l y the semi-arid 'caatinga ' in the northeastern region forms a barrier that prevents dispersa l from At l antic coasta l forest and Cerrado (Brazil ian savanna) towards the amazon forest in northern Brazil. This hypothesis suggests that {{Taxon name|Cyphoderus caetetus|''C. caetetus''}} sp.nov. must be found in the savannas of centra l Brazil, as we ll.}} |
==Taxon Treatment== | ==Taxon Treatment== | ||
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BibTeX: @article{Zeppelini2016Zootaxa4098, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Zeppelini2016Zootaxa4098">{{Citation |
Ordo: Collembola
Familia: Cyphoderidae
Genus: Cyphoderus
Name
Cyphoderus caetetus Zeppelini, Douglas, 2016 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Cyphoderus caetetus Zeppelini, Douglas, 2016, Zootaxa 4098: 561-568.
Materials Examined
Type material. H o l otype ma l e on s l ide 6146, Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 51 ' 16,7 "S 32 ° 26 ' 30 "W), Sancho Beach, forest l eaf l itter, 31.vii. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, A.S. Ferreira. H o l otype deposited at the Coleção de Referência de Fauna de Solo, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (CRFS-UEPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba Paratype juv., Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 50 ' 59 "S 32 ° 26 ' 16 "W), Cacimba do Padre Beach, l eaf l itter on the s l ope, 25.VII. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, A.S. Ferreira (s l ide 6551). Paratype deposited at CRFS-UEPB: Paratype adu l t, Brazil, Pernambuco, Fernando de Noronha (03° 50 ' 45 "S 32 ° 25 ' 43 "W), Bo l dró Beach, forest l eaf l itter, 20.vii. 2012, l eg. E.C.A. Lima, D. Zeppelini (s l ide 6550). Paratype deposited at Museu Naciona l da Universidade Federa l do Rio de Janeiro (MNURFJ). Other material. Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro (43 ° 24 ' 9 "W 18 ° 57 ' 25 "S), Cavity CSF- 18, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 6048). Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Morro do Pilar (43 ° 20 ' 44 "W 19 ° 5 ' 34 "S), Cavity SERP- 56, 23.vii. 2013, l eg. Soares et al. (s l ide 5003).
Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito (43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5933). Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito (43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5937). Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itabirito(43 ° 56 ' 46 "W 20 ° 17 ' 38 "S), Cavity VL- 15, 21 - 23.v. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 5936). Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Morro do Pilar (43 ° 20 ' 44 "W 19 ° 5 ' 34 "S), Cavity SERP- 56, 23.vii. 2013, l eg. Soares et al. (s l ide 5000). Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro (43 ° 23 ' 38 "W 19 ° 51 ' 8 "S) Cavity CSF- 12, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE team (s l ide 6046). Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Santa Barbara (43 ° 40 ' 58 "W 20 ° 2 '0.0"S), Cavity Ga l eria 04,16- 17.i. 2013, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 3352). Mou l ting juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Caeté, 21.v. 2013, l eg. BIOESPELEO team (s l ide 3759). Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Cavity CSF- 12, 23.vi - 12.vii. 2014, l eg. CARSTE et al. (s l ide 6044).
Adu l t, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Santa Barbara (43 ° 40 ' 53 "W 20 ° 1 ' 38 "S), Cavity IV/Apo l o, 07.ii. 2012, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 1789). Juv., Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Gandarela, Rio Acima, (43 ° 49 ' 36 "W 20 ° 9 ' 46 "S), Cavity VG-03, 02- 10.viii. 2011, l eg. Andrade et al. (s l ide 4602).
Description
Description. Tota l l ength of adu l t about1.5 mm. Habitus typical entomobryid (Fig. 2), pigment and eyes absent. Antennae shorter than body (Fig. 2), Ant. IV ova l, not annu l ated, l ength 2.8x Ant. III l ength, apica l bulb absent (Fig. 3). Ant. III apica l organ with five sense rods, two interna l, two media l and close together, one lateral; five brist l e- l ike sensi ll a and two finely ciliated microsetae (Figs 4 - 5). Ant. II bearing an apica l organ (Fig. 6) with three sense rods, one acuminate sensillum and five finely ciliated microsetae (Fig. 7). Ant. I with ciliated micro and mesosetae (Fig. 8). Head dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 9) with six macrosetae in An series; five mesosetae in A series (A0-A 1 unpaired, A 2 -A 3 -A 5 paired); M 1 -M 4, S0-S 2 -S 3 -S 4 -S 5 i -S 5, Ps 2 and Ps 5 present in medio-oce ll ar to post-sutura l areas; posterior setae Pa 2, Pa 3, Pa 5,Pa 6 (bothriotrix), Pm 3, Pp 1, Pp 4 and Pp 5 present. C l ypeus with one pair of pseudopores, c l ypeo- l abrum with amp seta numbers of 4,5, and 6 smooth setae, respective l y (Fig. 10). Maxi ll ary pa l ps with smooth apica l and basal setae. Labia l triang l e formu l a A 1 - 4,M 1 - 2,r,E,L 1 - 2; a ll setae ciliated, r seta norma l in size. Setae a long ventra l groove ciliated (Fig. 11).
Macrosetae on segments Th.II to Abd.IV as 0,0/0,2,5,2+ 3. Body chaetotaxy (Fig. 12), anterior edge of Th.II with a co ll ar of two or three rows of ciliated, capitated macrosetae. Th.II with a 1 - 5, m 2 - 3 and mp 3, and p 1 i,p 1 - 6. Th.III with a 2, a 6, m 2 - 5 and p 1 - 3. Abd.I with five setae (a 6, m 2 - 5) and one microseta (as). Abd.II with bothriotricha a 5 and m 2 surrounded by 4 and 2 fan-shaped setae, respective l y. M 3 - 5 macrosetae, a 6 - 7, am 6, m 6 - 7 and p 6 - 7 mesosetae. Abd. III bothriotricha a 5, m 2, m 5 surrounded by 3, 3 and 2 fan-shaped setae respective l y; m 6, pm 6 and p 3, 6 - 7 macrosetae, four mesosetae present (a 6 - 7, am 6 and m 7), microseta 'as ' present, macroseta m 3 absent. Abd.IV bothriotricha T 2, T 4 and D 3 p surrounded by 3, 2 and 0 fan-shaped setae respective l y; A 3 with accessory sensillum, A 1 accessory sensillum absent. B 4 - 5, D 3, E 2, E 4 and 7postero-lateral macrosetae present, posterior row of setae at the dista l edge of Abd. IV reduced in number (3 mesosetae), two pseudopores present on the posterior edge of the segment.
Chaetotaxy of coxae, trochanters and femora shown in Figs 13 - 16. Trochanteral organ with 18 setae arranged in V, five additional setae grouped in field basal to V- group (Fig. 15). Tibiotarsus with large, stout, spatu l ate tenent hair. Unguis I with unpaired tooth at the dista l third, ungues II and III with one or two unpaired teeth. Large, l ame ll ate, paired tooth present at the base of a ll ungues, as typical for the genus. Unguicu l i large, l ength about twothirds that of the unguis l ength, with strong l ame ll ate outer tooth (Fig. 17).
Co ll ophore with 2 + 2ciliated macrosetae a long ventra l groove, each side with six ciliated apica l mesosetae, posterior surface with one ciliated macroseta, five ciliated mesosetae, and four minute peg- l ike sensi ll a on each side (Fig. 18).
Manubrium 1.3x as long as dens, pseudopores absent. Dens 1.9x as long as mucro (1.74 to 1.94), dorsa ll y with two rows of setae; media l row with four basal ciliated setae and four dista l feathered setae, externa l row with 6ciliated and one smooth setae interca l ated near the base of feathered setae. Two large apica l scales s l ight l y shorter than mucro (mucro/sca l e in ho l otype 1.0 2, average 1.16). Mucro of adults usually with 10 teeth (range 8-12) in outer lamella, some individuals with tooth in the media l lamella reaching or near l y reaching mucro tip; juveni l es with 5-8 teeth (Fig. 19).
Etymology
Etymology. The species name is derived from the Tupy-Guarani word "Caitétu", meaning "with sharp teeth".
Discussion
Remarks. The species is the first of the ' multidentati ' group known from Brazil. The new species can be easi l y recognized by the number of teeth in the mucro of the adu l t, the number of scales on dens, the presence of 12 macrosetae on Abd. IV, the reduction of the posterior row of setae on Abd. IV to three mesosetae and the absence of accessory A 1sensillum, always present in Neotropica l C. agnotus, C. javanus, C. similis, C. innominatus (persona l observation). The new species can be differentiated from the most similar species, C. multidentatus Delamare from Africa, by the presence of 7 setae in the externa l row, close to the feathered setae on dens.
Distribution
Distribution and habitat.Cyphoderus caetetus sp.nov. is known from Fernando de Noronha, an oceanic archipe l ago380km from the Brazil ian coast, and is also known from southeastern (Minas Gerais State) to northeastern (Paraiba State) Brazil. The species is found in a wide range of habitats inc l uding sea turt l e nests inside the egg chamber, iron caves over organic matter and water fi l m, and l eaf l itter of tropica l forest near the coast. The c l imate according to Köppen 's system (Köppen 1936; Kottek et al.2006), ranges from Cwa (dry winters and rainy summers due to tropica l instabi l ity) to As (rainy winter l ess than 500 mm /year, dry summers). The species was not found in the northern region, inc l uding in iron caves in Amazonia; apparent l y the semi-arid 'caatinga ' in the northeastern region forms a barrier that prevents dispersa l from At l antic coasta l forest and Cerrado (Brazil ian savanna) towards the amazon forest in northern Brazil. This hypothesis suggests that C. caetetus sp.nov. must be found in the savannas of centra l Brazil, as we ll.
Taxon Treatment
- Zeppelini, Douglas; Oliveira, João V. L. C.; 2016: Chaetotaxy of Neotropical CyPhoderus caetetus sp. nov. with comments on the taxonomic position of Cyphoderinae within Paronellidae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea), Zootaxa 4098: 561-568. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
