Difference between revisions of "Antheromorpha festiva"

Revision as of 17:20, 7 March 2016

Taxonavigation

Ordo: Polydesmida
Familia: Paradoxosomatidae
Genus: Antheromorpha

Name

Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Orthomorpha festiva Brölemann, 1896: 1 (D).
• Orthomorpha festiva – Attems 1898^[1]: 339 (M); 1914^[2]: 194 (D); 1930^[3]: 131 (D); Brölemann 1904^[4]: 4 (D, R).
• Orthomorpha (Orthomorpha) festiva – Attems 1936^[5]: 199 (M); 1937^[6]: 60 (D).
• “Orthomorpha” festiva – Jeekel 1963^[7]: 269 (M).
• Antheromorpha festiva – Jeekel 1968^[8]: 57 (M); 1980^[9]: 85 (M); Golovatch 1983^[10]: 181 (M); Enghoff et al. 2004^[11]: 37 (M); Enghoff 2005^[12]: 95 (R); Nguyen and Sierwald 2013^[13]: 1234 (R).

Material examined

3 ♂ (CUMZ), Thailand, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Mueang Nakhon Si Thammarat District, Siamthani village, 8°27'53"N, 99°58'10"E, ca 5 m a.s.l., 11.01.2009, leg. N. Likhitrakarn. 1 ♂ (CUMZ), Surat Thani Province, Phanom District, Khao Sok Evergreen House Hotel, 8°54'38"N, 98°31'48"E, leg. C. Sutcharit. 1 ♂ (CUMZ), same Province, Kanchanadit District, Khao Phanom Wang, 9°05'33"N, 99°36'18"E, ca 40 m a.s.l., 15.01.2014, leg. R. Saokord. 12 ♂, 3 ♀ (CUMZ), Satun Province, Mueang Satun District, Wat Kao Noi, 6°45'11"N, 100°01'46"E, ca 40 m a.s.l., 16.01.2014, leg. C. Sutcharit. 7 ♂, 7 ♀ (CUMZ), 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (ZMUM ρ3058), 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (ZMUC), 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (NHMW), same District, Wat Khao Nom Phothiyan, 8°57'22"N, 98°48'20"E, ca 55 m a.s.l., 16.01.2014, leg. R. Saokord and C. Sutcharit. 4 ♂ (CUMZ), Malaysia, Johor, Sungai Bekok, 2°07'11"N, 103°02'25"E, 35 m a.s.l., 21.05.2011, leg. R. Chanabun. 1 ♂ (CUMZ), Perak, Sungai Terong, 4°38'22"N, 100°42'50"E, 30 m a.s.l., 05.06.2014, leg. R. Saokord. 8 ♂, 10 ♀ (CUMZ), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUC), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW), same state, Kuala Kangsar, Kampung S. Ramasamy, 4°46'55"N, 101°07'14"E, ca 120 m a.s.l., 06.06.2014, leg. R. Saokord.

Redescription

Length 23.0–29.5 (♂) or 26.0–34.5 mm (♀), width of midbody pro- and metazonae 1.8–2.5 and 2.9–3.7 mm (♂), 2.7–3.1 and 3.6–4.4 mm (♀), respectively (vs length 28–30 mm, as given in the available descriptions (Brölemann 1896^[14]; Attems 1937^[6]).
Coloration of live animals dark red to red-brownish, with contrasting light red to pale pinkish paraterga and epiproct; a complete inverted V-shaped line on collum, a pair of parallel oblique bands on metazonae and a pair of parallel bands on prozonae of following segments; legs and venter brownish to pale brown; coloration of alcohol material after one year of preservation faded to castaneous or pale brown; paraterga, epiproct and parallel bands faded to pale pinkish or pale yellow, legs and venter paler brown to yellowish (Fig. 16B–J). Clypeolabral region sparsely setose, epicranial suture distinct. Antennae short (Fig. 16A), reaching anterior edge of body segment 3 (♂) or 2 (♀) when stretched dorsally (antennomere 6 broadest). In width, head < collum < segment 2 < 3 < 4 < 5–16, gently and gradually tapering thereafter. Collum with three transverse rows of setae: 3+3 in anterior, 1+1 in intermediate and 3+3 in posterior row, the latter mostly traceable as insertion points; caudal corner broadly rounded, slightly bordered and declined ventrally, not extending behind tergal margin (Fig. 16B, C).
Tegument smooth and shining, prozonae very finely shagreened, metazonae smooth and delicately rugulose; surface below paraterga finely microgranulate. Postcollum metaterga with two transverse rows of setae, these being always abraded and traceable as insertion points: 2+2 in anterior (pre-sulcus) row, 3+3 in posterior (post-sulcus) one. Tergal setae simple, slender, about 1/3 of metatergal length. Axial line visible both on pro- and metazonae, starting with collum. Paraterga very strongly developed (Fig. 16A–H), subhorizontal, all lying below dorsum, set at about upper 1/3 of midbody height, anterior edge of paraterga broadly rounded, bordered and fused to callus; lateral edge of paraterga 2 with three small incisions, but on following segments smooth with only insertion points of setae (at fore 1/4), mostly abraded; caudal corner almost completely to fully pointed, always extending behind rear tergal margin, bent posteriad on segments 17 and 18; posterior edge evidently concave (Fig. 16B, D, F). Calluses delimited by a sulcus both dorsally and ventrally. Ozopores evident, lateral, lying in an ovoid groove at about 1/2 of metatergite’s length. Transverse sulcus usually distinct (Fig. 16B, D–F), complete on metaterga 5–17, incomplete on segments 4 and 18, narrow, wave-shaped, not reaching bases of paraterga, faintly beaded at bottom. Stricture between pro- and metazonae wide, deep, beaded at bottom down to base of paraterga (Fig. 16B–F). Pleurosternal carinae complete crests only on segments 2–4, each with an evident sharp denticle caudally on segments 5–8 (♂, ♀), thereafter increasingly reduced until segment 13 (♂) or 10 (♀). Epiproct (Fig. 16F–H) conical, flattened dorsoventrally, with two evident apical papillae, tip subtruncate; pre-apical papillae small, but visible. Hypoproct (Fig. 16G) roundly subtriangular, setiferous knobs at caudal edge well-separated.
Sterna sparsely setose, without modifications; a high paramedian pair of evident, high, nearly pointed, fully separated, setose cones between ♂ coxae 4 (Fig. 16I, J). Legs moderately long and slender, midbody ones ca 1.2–1.4 (♂) or ca 1.0–1.2 times (♀) as long as body height, prefemora without modifications, ♂ tarsal brushes present until segment 16.
Gonopods (Figs 17, 18) with femorite relatively short and rather stout, evidently curved and enlarged distad, postfemoral portion demarcated by an oblique lateral sulcus; tip of solenophore (sph) very deeply bifid, with a long, slender, nearly pointed process d; process m with an acute terminal lobule, longer than a small and terminally rounded process v.

Remarks

The new specimens fully agree with the most detailed and beautifully illustrated redescription of the species as given by Brölemann (1904)^[4], whereas the original description (Brölemann 1896^[14]) was indeed so concise and contained no type locality other than “Indo-Chine” that Attems (1937)^[6], obviously being unaware of Brölemann’s 1904^[4] paper, reiterated only the very short diagnosis of Orthomorpha festiva contained in Brölemann (1896)^[14]. According to Brölemann (1904)^[4], however, this species (1 ♂ and 1 ♀ syntypes, now in the Paris Museum) actually derived from “Siam”. Enghoff et al. (2004)^[11], likewise unaware of Brölemann’s (1904)^[4] detailed redescription, erroneously listed Antheromorpha festiva as coming from “southern Vietnam”, but very soon after that the mistake was corrected for “Siam” (Enghoff 2005^[12]).
The above samples thus derive from the first specified localities in Thailand. Moreover, Antheromorpha festiva appears to be not only new to the fauna of Malaysia, but it also seems to be quite widespread across the southern half of Malay Peninsula both within lowland southern Thailand and Western Malaysia, being confined there to elevations not exceeding 60 m a.s.l. (Fig. 21).

Taxon Treatment

• Likhitrakarn, N; Golovatch, S; Panha, S; 2016: Review of the Southeast Asian millipede genus Antheromorpha Jeekel, 1968 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) ZooKeys, (571): 21-57. doi

Images

Figure 16. Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896), ♂ from Sungai Bekok (A), ♂ from Kampung S. Ramasamy (B–J). A habitus, live coloration B, C anterior part of body, dorsal and lateral views, respectively D, E segments 10 and 11, dorsal and lateral views, respectively F–H posterior part of body, lateral, dorsal and ventral views, respectively I, J sternal cones between coxae 4, subcaudal and sublateral views, respectively.  Figure 17. Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896), ♂ from Kampung S. Ramasamy. A, B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.4 mm.  Figure 18. Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896), ♂ from Kampung S. Ramasamy. A, B right gonopod, mesal and lateral views, respectively C–F distal part of right gonopod, submesal, sublateral, subcaudal and suboral views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.  Figure 21. Distribution of Antheromorpha species (11 species). Open triangle Antheromorpha rosea Golovatch, 2013 Crossed circle Antheromorpha bistriata (Pocock, 1895) Open square Antheromorpha comotti (Pocock, 1895) and Antheromorpha mediovirgata (Carl, 1941) Filled diamond Antheromorpha miranda (Pocock, 1895) Crossed square Antheromorpha comotti (Pocock, 1895), Antheromorpha miranda (Pocock, 1895) and Antheromorpha minlana (Pocock, 1895) Inverted open triangle Antheromorpha pardalis (Pocock, 1895) Filled Circle Antheromorpha uncinata (Attems, 1931) Open Circle Antheromorpha paviei (Brölemann, 1896) Filled square Antheromorpha harpaga (Attems, 1937) Open diamond Antheromorpha festiva (Brölemann, 1896).

Other References

1. ↑ Attems C (1898) System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe 67: 221–482.
2. ↑ Attems C (1914) Die indo-australischen Myriopoden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 80A: 1–398.
3. ↑ Attems C (1930) Myriopoden der Kleinen Sunda-Inseln, gesammelt von der Expedition Dr. Rensch. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 16(1): 117–184. doi: 10.1002/mmnz.19300160103
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4} Brölemann H (1904) Myriapodes recueillis par M. A. Pavie en Indo-Chine. In: Pavie A (Ed.) Mission Pavie Indochine 1879–1895. Recherches sur l’Histoire Naturelle en Indochine Orientale. Paris, Ernest Leroux Ed. T.3: P1–13 (296–309).
5. ↑ Attems C (1936) Diplopoda of India. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 11(4): 133–323.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2} Attems C (1937) Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea I. Fam. Strongylosomidae. Das Tierreich 68: 1–300.
7. ↑ Jeekel C (1963) Paradoxosomatidae from Borneo (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 106: 205–283.
8. ↑ Jeekel C (1968) On the classification and geographical distribution of the family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Academisch Proefschrift, Rotterdam, 162 pp.
9. ↑ Jeekel C (1980) A revision of the Burmese Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale at Genoa (Part III). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 123: 71–88.
10. ↑ Golovatch S (1983) [Millipedes (Diplopoda) of the fauna of Vietnam]. In: Medvedev L (Ed.) [Fauna and ecology of the animals of Vietnam]. Nauka, Moscow, 207 pp. [In Russian]
11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1} Enghoff H, Golovatch S, Nguyen A (2004) A review of the millipede fauna of Vietnam (Diplopoda). Arthropoda Selecta 13(1–2): 29–43.
12. ↑ ^{12.0 12.1} Enghoff H (2005) The millipedes of Thailand (Diplopoda). Steenstrupia 29(1): 87–103.
13. ↑ Nguyen A, Sierwald P (2013) A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). Check List 9(6): 1132–1353. http://www.checklist.org.br/getpdf?SL107-12
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1 14.2} Brölemann H (1896) Myriapodes recueillis en Indo-Chine par M. Pavie et offerts au Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Bulletin du Muséum national d’histoire naturelle 7: 1–2.