Difference between revisions of "Eurytenes"

Latest revision as of 09:17, 16 November 2012

Taxonavigation

Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Braconidae

Name

Eurytenes Wesmael – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea Fischer)
• Opius (Stigmatopoea Fischer, 1986: 609–611). Type species: Opius macrocerus Thomson, 1895. Original designation.
• Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea): Wharton 1988^[1]: 357 (revised status); Fischer 1998^[2]: 21–25 (subgeneric keys, diagnoses); Walker and Wharton 2011^[3]: 24 (review of classification).
• Xynobius (Stigmatopoea): van Achterberg 2004^[4]: 314–315 (revised status, subgeneric keys).
• Eurytenes (Xynobius): Wharton 2006^[5]: 330–333 (revised status, relationships).

Diagnosis

Mandible without basal lobe ventrally. Labrum broadly exposed. Occipital carina broadly absent dorsally, present laterally. Propleuron ventral-laterally without oblique carina. Notauli deep, well developed anteriorly, varying posteriorly from largely absent to deep and extending to scuto-scutellar sulcus or nearly so; midpit present. Fore wing stigma long, narrow, parallel-sided, discrete posteriorly, r1 arising distinctly basad its midpoint; second submarginal cell with 2RS shorter than 3RSb; 2CUb arising above middle of hind margin of first subdiscal cell. Dorsope present; S1 0.2–0.3 × length of T1, never fused to T1.

Remarks

The new species described below have been placed in Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) based on the relative length of S1 (Figs. 5, 7) and the specific characteristics of T1 (Figs 5, 7, 54, 56, 57), wing venation (Fig. 64), mesoscutal sculpture (Figs 44, 48, 49), clypeus (Figs 50–53), and mandibles (Figs 50, 51) listed in the diagnosis. The wing venation is similar to that in Lorenzopius but in Lorenzopius, the dorsope is absent and S1 is longer and apparently fused to T1 (Fig. 6). We follow Wharton (1988^[1], 2006) and Fischer (1998)^[2] in treating Stigmatopoea as a subgenus of Eurytenes. Wharton (2006)^[5] provides a detailed explanation of the morphological basis for this treatment as well as a discussion of alternative classifications.
Aulonotus Ashmead has usually been characterized on the basis of well-developed notauli (Fischer 1972^[6], 1998^[2]), similar to the condition found in the species described below. Aulonotus shares other similarities with Stigmatopoea, including the presence of a dorsope, but the petiole is broader, S1 is very poorly developed, the stigma is not parallel-sided, and the precoxal sulcus is distinctly sculptured. Both the type species of Stigmatopoea and the two species described here will key to Opius (Nosopoea Foerster) in Fischer’s classification of Opiinae (Fischer 1972^[6], 1977^[7]) because the precoxal sulcus is unsculptured in nearly all individuals (as in Figs 43, 44). Difficulties in interpreting the variable nature of sculpture in the precoxal sulcus, and the emphasis placed on this character in existing keys to Opiinae, make it possible for relatively closely related species to become widely separated in current classifications.

Taxon Treatment

• Wharton, R; Ward, L; Miko, I; 2012: New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius ZooKeys, 243: 27-82. doi

Other References

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Wharton R (1988) Classification of the braconid subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera). The Canadian Entomologist 120: 333-360. doi: 10.4039/Ent120333-4
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2} Fischer M (1998) Neue taxonomische Untersuchungen ueber Madenwespen der Alten Welt mit besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Gattungen Eurytenes Foerster, Aulonotus Ashmead, Biosteres Foerster und der Untergattung Gastrosema Fischer (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Opiinae). Linzer Biologische Beitraege 30: 21-51.
3. ↑ Walker A, Wharton R (2011) A review of New World Eurytenes s. str. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 20: 23-46.
4. ↑ Van Achterberg C (2004a) New Indo-Australian subgenera and species of the genera Xynobius Foerster and Ademoneuron Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). Zoologische Mededelingen 78: 313-329.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Wharton R (2006) The species of Sternaulopius Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Opiinae) and the braconid sternaulus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 15: 317-347.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1} Fischer M (1972) Hymenoptera Braconidae (Opiinae I). Das Tierreich 91: 1-620.
7. ↑ Fischer M (1977) Hymenoptera, Braconidae (Opiinae II-Amerika). Das Tierreich 96: 1-1001.

Images

Figures 5–8. T1 and S1, arrows at posterior margin of S1. 5 Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) macrocerus (Thomson) 6 Lorenzopius calicomyzae van Achterberg and Salvo, holotype female 7 Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) maya Wharton sp. n., paratype female 8 Tubiformopius tubigaster (Fischer), holotype male.  Figures 42–45. Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) spp. 42 ES.) maya Wharton sp. n., paratype female, habitus 43 ES.) norrbomi Wharton sp. n., holotype female, mesosoma 44 ES.) maya, paratype female, head and mesosoma, dorsal-lateral view 45 ES.) norrbomi, holotype female, habitus.  Figures 46–49. Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) spp. 46 ES.) maya Wharton sp. n., paratype female, head, lateral view 47 ES.) norrbomi Wharton sp. n., holotype female, head, lateral view 48 ES.) maya, paratype female, head and mesosoma, dorsal view 49 ES.) norrbomi, holotype female, dorsal view.  Figures 50–53. Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) spp. 50 ES.) maya Wharton sp. n., paratype female, face, frontal view 51 ES.) norrbomi Wharton sp. n., holotype female, face, frontal view 52 ES.) maya, paratype female, face, slightly deflected 53 ES.) norrbomi, holotype female, face, slightly deflected.  Figures 54–57. Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) and Lorenzopius. 54 ES.) macrocerus (Thomson), mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal view 55 Lorenzopius calycomyzae van Achterberg and Salvo, holotype female, T1, dorsal view 56 ES.) maya Wharton sp. n., paratype female, propodeum and T1, dorsal view 57 ES.) norrbomi Wharton sp. n., holotype female, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal view.  Figures 62–65. Opiinae. 62 Lorenzopius calycomyzae van Achterberg and Salvo, holotype female, wings 63 Tubiformopius tubigaster (Fischer), holotype male, lateral view showing T1, S1, and wing base 64 Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) maya Wharton, sp. n., paratype male, fore wing 65 Tubiformopius tubigaster, holotype male, habitus.