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Difference between revisions of "Trichosiopsis reducta"
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{{Publication to wiki notice | {{Publication to wiki notice | ||
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| − | + | | author = Heller, Kai; Menzel, Frank | |
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| − | + | | author_abbreviated = Heller K & Menzel, F | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | year = 2013 | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | title = Drei neue Trauermückenarten aus Mitteleuropa (Diptera: Sciaridae) | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | journal = Ferrantia | |
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| − | + | | volume = 39 | |
| − | }} | + | |
| + | | pages = 337-348 | ||
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| + | | doi = | ||
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| + | | citationurl = | ||
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| + | | url = | ||
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| + | | publisher = Musée national d'histoire naturelle, Luxembourg | ||
| + | |||
| + | | publisherurl = http://www.mnhn.lu/ferrantia | ||
| + | |||
| + | }} | ||
{{Treatment start | {{Treatment start | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | Ordo = Diptera | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | Familia = Sciaridae | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | Genus = Trichosiopsis | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | Specific name = reducta | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | | Infraspecific name = | |
| − | + | ||
| + | | Taxon rank = species | ||
| + | |||
| + | | Taxon authority = (Heller & Menzel, 2013) | ||
| + | |||
| + | | Taxon status = | ||
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| + | | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation |''Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella) reducta'' {{aut|Heller & Menzel, 2013}}<ref name="SC740">{{aut|Heller, K.; Menzel, F.}} 2013: Drei neue Trauermückenarten aus Mitteleuropa (Diptera: Sciaridae). ''Ferrantia'', '''39''', 337–348.</ref>: 340-343, fig. 5-8}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | | Wikispecies page name = Leptosciarella_reducta | ||
| + | |||
| + | | ZooBank ID = urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D9999231-5DA5-426D-AD0E-F4E495C49C83 | ||
| + | |||
}} | }} | ||
==Type material== | ==Type material== | ||
| + | |||
Holotype: ♂, -13.05.1998, photoeclector, leg. M. Barták, SDEI 2407 | Holotype: ♂, -13.05.1998, photoeclector, leg. M. Barták, SDEI 2407 | ||
===Type locality=== | ===Type locality=== | ||
| + | |||
'''Czech Republic''', Bohemia, Bilina-Hoblika. | '''Czech Republic''', Bohemia, Bilina-Hoblika. | ||
===Paratypes=== | ===Paratypes=== | ||
| + | |||
'''Czech Republic''': 1 ♂, ''Bohemia'', same data as holotype, SDEI 2387/2388, PWMP 1796; 1 ♂, Duchkov, überschwemmter Pappelwald entlang der alten Abraumhalde Osecka, photoeclector, Barták, 04.1998, SDEI 2386; | '''Czech Republic''': 1 ♂, ''Bohemia'', same data as holotype, SDEI 2387/2388, PWMP 1796; 1 ♂, Duchkov, überschwemmter Pappelwald entlang der alten Abraumhalde Osecka, photoeclector, Barták, 04.1998, SDEI 2386; | ||
'''Finland''': 1 ♂, “A6-I” (no further data given), emergence trap, Penttinen, 24.5.-27.06.2006, MZH 9326; 1 ♂, Ab, Taivassalo, Orihuvori, Haarto & Mukkala, 21.05.2003, MZH 9165; | '''Finland''': 1 ♂, “A6-I” (no further data given), emergence trap, Penttinen, 24.5.-27.06.2006, MZH 9326; 1 ♂, Ab, Taivassalo, Orihuvori, Haarto & Mukkala, 21.05.2003, MZH 9165; | ||
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==Description (male)== | ==Description (male)== | ||
| + | |||
'''Head'''. Eye bridge 3 rows of facets. LW-index of 4<sup>th</sup> antennal flagellar segment 2.05–2.3; neck 0.25–0.4 of segment width; Transition of basal part to neck pronounced. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal hairs shorter than segment width; sparse; adjacent. Palps darkened; short; palpomeres 2. First palpomere thickened; with 4–6 bristles; with only some sparse sensillae. Second palpomere shortly oval. '''Thorax'''. Colour brown, or bright brown. Notum unicolour. Thoracic setae normal; dark. Mesonotum with some weaker central bristles. Posterior pronotum setose. Postpronotal setae 2–4; strong. Mesothoracic sclerites bare. ''Legs''. Colour yellow-brown. Hind coxae of same colour as femora. Hairs on fore coxae bright. Front tibia apically with a patch of setae. Front tibial organ dark. Front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs weak, inconspicuous. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. ''Wings''. Wings slightly darkened; reduced, with weakly developed anal lobe, or brachypterous. Wing membrane without macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint m-base. M-fork of normal shape. R<sub>1</sub> inserting at or slightly before base of m-fork; posterior veins bare; bM bare; r-m bare; bM:r-M 0.75–0.9; st-Cu:bM 0.1–0.3; r<sub>1</sub>:r 1–1.3; C:w 0.7–0.85. Halteres dark; of normal length. '''Abdomen'''. Abdominal setae weak; dorsally dark; ventrally dark, or of different colour. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; 0.6–0.75 × longer than wide. Base of gonocoxites with normal, weak hairs; gonocoxites narrowly separated, or fused; inner margin of gonocoxites normally U-shaped; inner membrane of hypopygium scarcely setose; elongated setae on valves of hypopygium absent. Gonostylus elongate; 2–2.2 × longer than wide; Inner margin straight, or concave; apex equally rounded. Apical tooth present; 1.8–2.5 × longer than broad; normal. Awl-like setae normal; on inner side of gonostyles apically present. Megasetae on inner part of gonostylus absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.55–0.75 × longer than broad; equally rounded, or rectangular with rounded edges; normal; Central process absent. Length of aedeagus/hypopygium 25–38 %; Aeadeagal apical structure absent. '''Measurements'''. Body size 2–2.5 mm. Hind tibia 1.1–1.25 mm. Wing length 1.8–2 mm. | '''Head'''. Eye bridge 3 rows of facets. LW-index of 4<sup>th</sup> antennal flagellar segment 2.05–2.3; neck 0.25–0.4 of segment width; Transition of basal part to neck pronounced. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal hairs shorter than segment width; sparse; adjacent. Palps darkened; short; palpomeres 2. First palpomere thickened; with 4–6 bristles; with only some sparse sensillae. Second palpomere shortly oval. '''Thorax'''. Colour brown, or bright brown. Notum unicolour. Thoracic setae normal; dark. Mesonotum with some weaker central bristles. Posterior pronotum setose. Postpronotal setae 2–4; strong. Mesothoracic sclerites bare. ''Legs''. Colour yellow-brown. Hind coxae of same colour as femora. Hairs on fore coxae bright. Front tibia apically with a patch of setae. Front tibial organ dark. Front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs weak, inconspicuous. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. ''Wings''. Wings slightly darkened; reduced, with weakly developed anal lobe, or brachypterous. Wing membrane without macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint m-base. M-fork of normal shape. R<sub>1</sub> inserting at or slightly before base of m-fork; posterior veins bare; bM bare; r-m bare; bM:r-M 0.75–0.9; st-Cu:bM 0.1–0.3; r<sub>1</sub>:r 1–1.3; C:w 0.7–0.85. Halteres dark; of normal length. '''Abdomen'''. Abdominal setae weak; dorsally dark; ventrally dark, or of different colour. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; 0.6–0.75 × longer than wide. Base of gonocoxites with normal, weak hairs; gonocoxites narrowly separated, or fused; inner margin of gonocoxites normally U-shaped; inner membrane of hypopygium scarcely setose; elongated setae on valves of hypopygium absent. Gonostylus elongate; 2–2.2 × longer than wide; Inner margin straight, or concave; apex equally rounded. Apical tooth present; 1.8–2.5 × longer than broad; normal. Awl-like setae normal; on inner side of gonostyles apically present. Megasetae on inner part of gonostylus absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.55–0.75 × longer than broad; equally rounded, or rectangular with rounded edges; normal; Central process absent. Length of aedeagus/hypopygium 25–38 %; Aeadeagal apical structure absent. '''Measurements'''. Body size 2–2.5 mm. Hind tibia 1.1–1.25 mm. Wing length 1.8–2 mm. | ||
| − | ==Diagnosis== | + | ==Diagnosis== |
| − | '' | + | |
| + | ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' is characterized among the genus by the clearly reduced wings, the completely missing macrotrichia on the posterior wing veins and by the short, 2-segmented palpi. It was formerly considered to be identical with ''[[Trichosiopsis viaticella]]'', which instead has 3-segmented palpi, less reduced wings with some vestigial macrotrichia on the posterior veins and thicker gonostyli with a less concave inner side and no awl-like setae beneath the apical tooth. The shape of the gonostyles reminds of ''[[Trichosiopsis dimera]]'', which has likewise reduced palpi, but much longer antennae. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===DNA Barcoding=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The COI sequence is assigned to BIN {{BIN|ACC0352}} (average distance 0.31%, max. 1.75%, n=12, K2P: 3.05%). | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| + | |||
''lat.'' reductus = reduced; making reference to reduced palpi and wings. | ''lat.'' reductus = reduced; making reference to reduced palpi and wings. | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
| − | '' | + | |
| + | ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' is a soil dwelling species, which is not very flight active and thus mainly captured only by photoeclectors and pitfall traps. It was also found in caves. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Czech Republic<ref name="SC740" /> | + | |
| − | Finland<ref name="SC740" /> | + | Czech Republic<ref name="SC740" />; |
| − | Germany<ref name="SC740" /> | + | Finland<ref name="SC740" />; |
| − | Luxembourg<ref name="SC740" /> | + | Germany<ref name="SC740" />; |
| − | Sweden<ref name="SC740" />. | + | Luxembourg<ref name="SC740" />; |
| + | Norway<ref name="GBIF">{{aut|GBIF}} [https://www.gbif.org/species/8707973 ''{{BASEPAGENAME}}'']</ref>, Sweden<ref name="SC740" />. | ||
==Images== | ==Images== | ||
| + | |||
{{Gallery | lines=3 | width=300 | {{Gallery | lines=3 | width=300 | ||
| − | |1= File:Leptosciarella reducta Habitus Holotype.jpg|2= '''Figure 1.''' '' | + | |
| − | |3= File:Leptosciarella reducta Hypopygium Holotype.jpg|4= '''Figure 2.''' '' | + | |1= File:Leptosciarella reducta Habitus Holotype.jpg|2= '''Figure 1.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, habitus, scale 1 mm |
| − | |5= File:Leptosciarella reducta Gonostylus Holotype.jpg|6= '''Figure 3.''' '' | + | |
| − | |7= File:Leptosciarella reducta Tegmen Holotype.jpg|8= '''Figure 4.''' '' | + | |3= File:Leptosciarella reducta Hypopygium Holotype.jpg|4= '''Figure 2.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm |
| − | |9= File:Leptosciarella reducta Antenna Holotype.jpg|10= '''Figure 5.''' '' | + | |
| − | |11= File:Leptosciarella reducta Palpus Holotype.jpg|12= '''Figure 6.''' '' | + | |5= File:Leptosciarella reducta Gonostylus Holotype.jpg|6= '''Figure 3.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm |
| − | |13= File:Leptosciarella reducta Tibia Holotype.jpg|14= '''Figure 7.''' '' | + | |
| − | |15= File:Leptosciarella reducta Wing Holotype.jpg|16= '''Figure 8.''' '' | + | |7= File:Leptosciarella reducta Tegmen Holotype.jpg|8= '''Figure 4.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm |
| + | |||
| + | |9= File:Leptosciarella reducta Antenna Holotype.jpg|10= '''Figure 5.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, 4<sup>th</sup> antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm | ||
| + | |||
| + | |11= File:Leptosciarella reducta Palpus Holotype.jpg|12= '''Figure 6.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, palpus, scale 0.1 mm | ||
| + | |||
| + | |13= File:Leptosciarella reducta Tibia Holotype.jpg|14= '''Figure 7.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, tibial organ, scale 0.1 mm | ||
| + | |||
| + | |15= File:Leptosciarella reducta Wing Holotype.jpg|16= '''Figure 8.''' ''Trichosiopsis reducta'' male, wing, scale 1 mm | ||
| + | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:05, 1 January 2021
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[Expand] |
Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Sciaridae
Genus: Trichosiopsis
Name
Trichosiopsis reducta (Heller & Menzel, 2013) – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link
- Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella) reducta Heller & Menzel, 2013[1]: 340-343, fig. 5-8
Type material
Holotype: ♂, -13.05.1998, photoeclector, leg. M. Barták, SDEI 2407
Type locality
Czech Republic, Bohemia, Bilina-Hoblika.
Paratypes
Czech Republic: 1 ♂, Bohemia, same data as holotype, SDEI 2387/2388, PWMP 1796; 1 ♂, Duchkov, überschwemmter Pappelwald entlang der alten Abraumhalde Osecka, photoeclector, Barták, 04.1998, SDEI 2386; Finland: 1 ♂, “A6-I” (no further data given), emergence trap, Penttinen, 24.5.-27.06.2006, MZH 9326; 1 ♂, Ab, Taivassalo, Orihuvori, Haarto & Mukkala, 21.05.2003, MZH 9165; Germany: 1 ♀, Baden-Württemberg, Blaubeuren, Tiefental, Schluchtwald, yellow pan trap, Sipple, 8.-15.04.2009, PRSE 257; 4 ♂, 15.-22.04.2009, PRSE 256/260/261, PKHH 7055; 1 ♂, Hesse, Steinau, Main-Kinzig-Kreis, Teufelshöhle Eingangsbereich, Pfanzelter, 27.04.1997, DEIC 2389; 1 ♂, Lower Saxony, Göttingen, forest, Hövemeyer, 06.05.1980, PWMP 1795 [as Leptosciarella viaticella in Mohrig & Menzel (1997[2]: 79)]; Luxembourg: 1 ♂, Luxembourg, Bettendorf, Gipsminn Bettendorf, pitfall trap, Weber, 10.4.-28.07.2010, MGDL 9; 5 ♂ 2 ♀, Dolomitgrouf Froney, Höhle, pitfall trap, Weber, 17.04.2010, PKHH 7820-7823, 2550-2552 ZSMC; 1 ♂, Grotte du Chemin, pitfall trap, Weber, 5.4.-30.05.2009, PKHH 7224; Sweden: 1 ♂, Småland, Alsterbro, mixed forest, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 30.4.-05.05.2005, PKHH 6688.
Description (male)
Head. Eye bridge 3 rows of facets. LW-index of 4th antennal flagellar segment 2.05–2.3; neck 0.25–0.4 of segment width; Transition of basal part to neck pronounced. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal hairs shorter than segment width; sparse; adjacent. Palps darkened; short; palpomeres 2. First palpomere thickened; with 4–6 bristles; with only some sparse sensillae. Second palpomere shortly oval. Thorax. Colour brown, or bright brown. Notum unicolour. Thoracic setae normal; dark. Mesonotum with some weaker central bristles. Posterior pronotum setose. Postpronotal setae 2–4; strong. Mesothoracic sclerites bare. Legs. Colour yellow-brown. Hind coxae of same colour as femora. Hairs on fore coxae bright. Front tibia apically with a patch of setae. Front tibial organ dark. Front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs weak, inconspicuous. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. Wings. Wings slightly darkened; reduced, with weakly developed anal lobe, or brachypterous. Wing membrane without macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint m-base. M-fork of normal shape. R1 inserting at or slightly before base of m-fork; posterior veins bare; bM bare; r-m bare; bM:r-M 0.75–0.9; st-Cu:bM 0.1–0.3; r1:r 1–1.3; C:w 0.7–0.85. Halteres dark; of normal length. Abdomen. Abdominal setae weak; dorsally dark; ventrally dark, or of different colour. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; 0.6–0.75 × longer than wide. Base of gonocoxites with normal, weak hairs; gonocoxites narrowly separated, or fused; inner margin of gonocoxites normally U-shaped; inner membrane of hypopygium scarcely setose; elongated setae on valves of hypopygium absent. Gonostylus elongate; 2–2.2 × longer than wide; Inner margin straight, or concave; apex equally rounded. Apical tooth present; 1.8–2.5 × longer than broad; normal. Awl-like setae normal; on inner side of gonostyles apically present. Megasetae on inner part of gonostylus absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.55–0.75 × longer than broad; equally rounded, or rectangular with rounded edges; normal; Central process absent. Length of aedeagus/hypopygium 25–38 %; Aeadeagal apical structure absent. Measurements. Body size 2–2.5 mm. Hind tibia 1.1–1.25 mm. Wing length 1.8–2 mm.
Diagnosis
Trichosiopsis reducta is characterized among the genus by the clearly reduced wings, the completely missing macrotrichia on the posterior wing veins and by the short, 2-segmented palpi. It was formerly considered to be identical with Trichosiopsis viaticella, which instead has 3-segmented palpi, less reduced wings with some vestigial macrotrichia on the posterior veins and thicker gonostyli with a less concave inner side and no awl-like setae beneath the apical tooth. The shape of the gonostyles reminds of Trichosiopsis dimera, which has likewise reduced palpi, but much longer antennae.
DNA Barcoding
The COI sequence is assigned to BIN BOLD:ACC0352 (average distance 0.31%, max. 1.75%, n=12, K2P: 3.05%).
Etymology
lat. reductus = reduced; making reference to reduced palpi and wings.
Ecology
Trichosiopsis reducta is a soil dwelling species, which is not very flight active and thus mainly captured only by photoeclectors and pitfall traps. It was also found in caves.
Distribution
Czech Republic[1]; Finland[1]; Germany[1]; Luxembourg[1]; Norway[3], Sweden[1].
Images
|
References
- ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Heller, K.; Menzel, F. 2013: Drei neue Trauermückenarten aus Mitteleuropa (Diptera: Sciaridae). Ferrantia, 39, 337–348.
- Jump up ↑ Mohrig, W.; Menzel, F. 1997: Revision der paläarktischen Arten von Trichosia Winnertz sensu Tuomikoski, 1960 (Diptera, Sciaridae). – Teil II. Gattungen Leptosciarella Tuomikoski, 1960 und Trichodapus gen. nov. Studia dipterologica, 4(1), 41–98.
- Jump up ↑ GBIF Trichosiopsis reducta
